Institute of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.
Clinic of Otorhinolaryngology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Pasterova 2, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Sep;277(9):2493-2500. doi: 10.1007/s00405-020-06001-y. Epub 2020 Apr 30.
To compare the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety among patients with vocal fold (VF) nodules, polyps and edema. At the same time the aim was to analyse association between severity of distress and the level of vocal handicap as well as to identify other factors related to severity of depression and anxiety in these patients.
To all participants were given five questionnaires: (1) questionnaire on socio-demographic and some other characteristics of patient; (2) Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI); (3) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) 1 (State Anxiety); (4) STAI 2 (Trait Anxiety); and (5) Voice Handicap Index (VHI)-10.
A total of 205 patients were included in this study. Mild-to-severe depression, according to BDI was present in 79 (38.6%) patients. Mild-to-severe state anxiety and trait anxiety were present in 199 (97.1%) and 200 (97.6%) patients, respectively. Only 10 patients had VHI-10 score ≤ 11. Multivariate analyses showed that there were no significant differences in the level of depression and anxiety between patients with VF nodules, polyps and edema. The VHI-10 score was significantly higher in patients with VF edema in comparison with VF nodule patients (p = 0.001), as well as in comparison with VF polyp patients (p = 0.001).
The present study identified a high prevalence of psychological and vocal distress among patients with vocal disorders. Severity of depression and anxiety did not differ between patients with VF nodules, polyps and edema, and it was not related to the level of vocal handicap.
比较声带（VF）结节、息肉和水肿患者中抑郁和焦虑的患病率和严重程度。同时，旨在分析痛苦严重程度与嗓音障碍程度之间的相关性，并确定这些患者中与抑郁和焦虑严重程度相关的其他因素。
向所有参与者发放了五份问卷：（1）患者社会人口统计学和其他特征问卷；（2）贝克抑郁量表（BDI）；（3）状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI）1（状态焦虑）；（4）STAI 2（特质焦虑）；和（5）嗓音障碍指数（VHI）-10。
本研究共纳入 205 例患者。根据 BDI，79 例（38.6%）患者存在轻至重度抑郁。199 例（97.1%）和 200 例（97.6%）患者存在轻至重度状态焦虑和特质焦虑。仅有 10 例患者的 VHI-10 评分≤11。多变量分析显示，VF 结节、息肉和水肿患者的抑郁和焦虑程度无显著差异。与 VF 结节患者相比（p=0.001），以及与 VF 息肉患者相比（p=0.001），VF 水肿患者的 VHI-10 评分显著更高。
本研究发现嗓音障碍患者存在较高的心理和嗓音困扰发生率。抑郁和焦虑的严重程度在 VF 结节、息肉和水肿患者之间无差异，且与嗓音障碍程度无关。
