Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 7026, 750 07 Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Crop and Forest Sciences, University of Lleida, Alcalde Rovira Roure 191, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2020 Jun 1;96(6). doi: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa082.
Predicting fungal community assembly is partly limited by our understanding of the factors driving the composition of deposited spores. We studied the relative contribution of vegetation, geographical distance, seasonality and weather to fungal spore deposition across three vegetation types. Active and passive spore traps were established in agricultural fields, deciduous forests and coniferous forests across a geographic gradient of ∼600 km. Active traps captured the spore community suspended in air, reflecting the potential deposition, whereas passive traps reflected realized deposition. Fungal species were identified by metabarcoding of the ITS2 region. The composition of spore communities captured by passive traps differed more between vegetation types than across regions separated by >100 km, indicating that vegetation type was the strongest driver of composition of deposited spores. By contrast, vegetation contributed less to potential deposition, which followed a seasonal pattern. Within the same site, the spore communities captured by active traps differed from those captured by passive traps. Realized deposition tended to be dominated by spores of species related to vegetation. Temperature was negatively correlated with the fungal species richness of both potential and realized deposition. Our results indicate that vegetation may be able to maintain similar fungal communities across distances, and likely be the driving factor of fungal spore deposition at landscape level.
预测真菌群落的组装在一定程度上受到我们对驱动沉积孢子组成的因素的理解的限制。我们研究了植被、地理距离、季节性和天气对跨越三种植被类型的真菌孢子沉积的相对贡献。在约 600 公里的地理梯度上，在农业田地、落叶林和针叶林中设置了主动和被动孢子陷阱。主动陷阱捕获悬浮在空气中的孢子群落，反映了潜在的沉积，而被动陷阱则反映了实际的沉积。通过 ITS2 区域的宏条形码对真菌物种进行了鉴定。被动陷阱捕获的孢子群落的组成在植被类型之间的差异大于在相隔 100 多公里的地区之间的差异，这表明植被类型是沉积孢子组成的最强驱动因素。相比之下，植被对潜在沉积的贡献较小，潜在沉积具有季节性模式。在同一地点，主动陷阱捕获的孢子群落与被动陷阱捕获的孢子群落不同。实际沉积往往以与植被有关的物种的孢子为主。温度与潜在和实际沉积的真菌物种丰富度呈负相关。我们的结果表明，植被可能能够在距离上维持相似的真菌群落，并且可能是景观水平上真菌孢子沉积的驱动因素。
