Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Institute of Loess Plateau, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Jul;27(21):26141-26152. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-08904-z. Epub 2020 May 1.
The present study aims to investigate the effects of Phragmites communis and Zizania aquatica on rhizosphere soil enzyme activity and bacterial community structure in a surface flow constructed wetland (SFCW) for the treatment of domestic sewage from the Shanxi province of China. The basic physical and chemical properties of the soil, the contents of soil urease (UE), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (SMBC, SMBN), and bacterial community structure were measured in the Phragmites communis group (PG), Zizania aquatica group (ZG), and control group (CG), respectively. The results showed that (1) the contents of UE, ALP, SMBC, and SMBN in rhizosphere soil of PG were more than those of ZG; (2) the highest bacterial abundance and α-diversity appeared in PG, in which Gp6 was the most abundant bacterial genus in PG; (3) the main functions of the dominant bacteria Gp6 and Longilinea in PG were involved in metabolizing multiple carbohydrates and participating in the carbon cycle in the soil based on the clusters of orthologous groups pathway analysis data; (4) the bacterial community of PG was mainly affected by the positive correlation with arsenic, nickel, or SMBC via the redundancy analysis. Collectively, Phragmites communis is a recommended species for wastewater wetland treatment system in Shanxi province, and the special enzymes and dominant bacteria in plant rhizosphere soil had obvious functions of removing organic pollutants. Besides, the influences of environmental factors on rhizosphere bacteria and the combined effects of Phragmites communis and dominant bacteria in wetland wastewater treatment system should be taken seriously.
本研究旨在探讨芦苇（Phragmites communis）和菰（Zizania aquatica）对中国山西省生活污水表面流人工湿地（SFCW）根际土壤酶活性和细菌群落结构的影响。分别测量了芦苇组（PG）、菰组（ZG）和对照组（CG）土壤的基本理化性质、土壤脲酶（UE）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、土壤微生物生物量碳和氮（SMBC、SMBN）含量和细菌群落结构。结果表明：（1）PG 根际土壤中 UE、ALP、SMBC 和 SMBN 的含量均高于 ZG；（2）PG 中细菌丰度和 α 多样性最高，其中 PG 中最丰富的细菌属为 Gp6；（3）PG 中优势菌 Gp6 和 Longilinea 的主要功能是代谢多种碳水化合物并参与土壤碳循环，这是基于同源基因聚类分析数据得出的；（4）通过冗余分析发现，PG 的细菌群落主要受砷、镍或 SMBC 的正相关影响。综上所述，芦苇是山西省污水湿地处理系统的推荐物种，植物根际土壤中的特殊酶和优势细菌对去除有机污染物具有明显的功能。此外，还应重视环境因素对根际细菌的影响以及湿地污水处理系统中芦苇和优势细菌的综合作用。
