Kashiwazaki H, Suzuki T, Inaoka T
Department of Human Ecology, School of Health Sciences, University of Tokyo, Japan.
J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). 1988 Aug;34(4):399-411. doi: 10.3177/jnsv.34.399.
A reduced metabolic rate in the etiology of obesity has been a subject of controversy. The prediction of the energy requirements for the obese using reference values may therefore be distorted. In order to examine this possibility, resting metabolic rate (RMR) while the subject was sitting comfortably in a chair was measured in a total of 134 moderately obese and normal-weight subjects (68 women aged 20 to 71 with a mean of 53.1 and 66 men aged 20 to 63 with a mean of 36.5). RMR per kg of body weight was significantly lower in the female obese subjects, but not in the male obese subjects. There was no evidence of difference in RMR between obese and normal-weight subjects in either sex when RMR was indexed with fat-free mass (FFM), indicating no substantial decrease in the metabolism due to obesity. Multiple regression analyses indicate that standardization of RMR by FFM eliminates the apparent difference in RMR between the sexes, and the diminution of RMR with age was not observed. While the best and logical prediction of RMR is to use FFM, regression analyses suggest an alternative way of predicting RMR by an incorporation of subscapular skinfold thickness to adjust the different body composition in lean and obese subjects. Prediction equations of postprandial RMR (kcal/24-h) while sitting are RMR = 24.5 x FFM(kg) + 303.7, and RMR = 22.7 x weight(kg) - 13.6 x SSF (subscapular skinfold: mm) + 350.6. Problems in predicting RMR are discussed.
肥胖病因中代谢率降低一直是个有争议的话题。因此，使用参考值来预测肥胖者的能量需求可能会有偏差。为了研究这种可能性，我们对总共134名中度肥胖和正常体重的受试者（68名年龄在20至71岁之间、平均年龄为53.1岁的女性，以及66名年龄在20至63岁之间、平均年龄为36.5岁的男性）进行了静息代谢率（RMR）测量，测量时受试者舒适地坐在椅子上。女性肥胖受试者每千克体重的RMR显著较低，但男性肥胖受试者并非如此。当用去脂体重（FFM）来衡量RMR时，无论男女，肥胖受试者和正常体重受试者之间的RMR均无差异，这表明肥胖并未导致代谢大幅下降。多元回归分析表明，用FFM对RMR进行标准化消除了两性之间RMR的明显差异，且未观察到RMR随年龄的降低。虽然对RMR的最佳且合理的预测方法是使用FFM，但回归分析提出了另一种预测RMR的方法，即纳入肩胛下皮褶厚度以调整瘦人和肥胖受试者不同的身体组成。坐着时餐后RMR（千卡/24小时）的预测方程为：RMR = 24.5×FFM（千克） + 303.7，以及RMR = 22.7×体重（千克） - 13.6×SSF（肩胛下皮褶：毫米） + 350.6。文中还讨论了预测RMR时存在的问题。
