Department of Internal Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Vasco de Quiroga 15, Sección XVI, Tlalpan. CP. 14000, Mexico City, Mexico.
Tecnológico de Monterrey, Mexico City, Mexico.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb;60(1):399-409. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02254-9. Epub 2020 May 3.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in a cohort of healthy individuals in Mexico City, as well as to investigate the potential associations of these results with their estimated iodine intake (EII) as reflected by their 24-hour urinary iodine excretion (24-h UIE).
From the SALMEX cohort, 683 adults provided an appropriate 24-h urine sample. Thyroid function tests and thyroid antibody concentrations were determined in the participants' sera. We analyzed discrepancies between the commonly used urinary parameters to determine the iodine intake status and the performance of thyroglobulin (Tg) as a biomarker of its status in the adult population.
The prevalence of dysthyroidism was high, being similar to other studies. Subclinical hypothyroidism was detected in 5.0% of individuals, clinical hypothyroidism in 1.8% of individuals, and sub-clinical hyperthyroidism in 2.8% of individuals. The median EII was 285 μg/d (IQR 215.0-369.0); 94% of individuals had EII >150 µg/d recommended daily allowance (RDA) in adults. The urinary iodine concentration (UIC) and the UIE had relative biases in their averages of 34.4%. The Tg median was 7.21 ng/mL. The prevalence of increased Tg was 6.15%. There was no correlation between Tg and EII (r= 0.019, p= 0.606).
Thyroid dysfunction was highly prevalent in this population. Our cohort revealed a slight discrepancy between dysthyroidism manifestations and iodine intake markers; the latter represent a population with adequate iodine intake. Further studies are necessary to clearly define the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction as well as the iodine nutritional status in Mexico.
本研究旨在评估墨西哥城健康人群中甲状腺功能障碍的患病率，并研究这些结果与 24 小时尿碘排泄量（24-h UIE）反映的估计碘摄入量（EII）之间的潜在关联。
从 SALMEX 队列中，683 名成年人提供了适当的 24 小时尿液样本。在参与者的血清中测定了甲状腺功能测试和甲状腺抗体浓度。我们分析了常用尿参数之间的差异，以确定碘摄入状态，并评估甲状腺球蛋白（Tg）作为成人人群碘状态的生物标志物的表现。
甲状腺功能障碍的患病率较高，与其他研究相似。亚临床甲状腺功能减退症在 5.0%的个体中被检测到，临床甲状腺功能减退症在 1.8%的个体中被检测到，亚临床甲状腺功能亢进症在 2.8%的个体中被检测到。中位数 EII 为 285 μg/d（IQR 215.0-369.0）；94%的个体 EII 大于成人推荐日摄入量（RDA）150μg/d。尿碘浓度（UIC）和 UIE 的平均值存在相对偏差 34.4%。Tg 的中位数为 7.21ng/ml。Tg 升高的患病率为 6.15%。Tg 与 EII 之间无相关性（r=0.019，p=0.606）。
该人群中甲状腺功能障碍的患病率很高。我们的队列显示甲状腺功能障碍表现与碘摄入标志物之间存在轻微差异；后者代表了碘摄入充足的人群。需要进一步研究以明确墨西哥甲状腺功能障碍和碘营养状况的患病率。
