Lindsey Hoffman, MSOT, OTR/L, is Alumna, Boston School of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA;
Rebecca Hutt, MSOT, OTR, is Alumna, Boston School of Occupational Therapy, Tufts University, Medford, MA.
Am J Occup Ther. 2020 May/Jun;74(3):7403205010p1-7403205010p14. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2020.037820.
With the high prevalence and cost of dementia care worldwide, a need exists to develop cost-effective and evidence-based treatment for people with dementia. Meditation, which has been demonstrated to have positive effects on brain health, may be a viable intervention option.
To investigate how meditation-based interventions affect health and quality-of-life (QOL) outcomes for adults with dementia.
Articles were located by using the keywords meditation, mindfulness, mind-body, dementia, and Alzheimer's to search the following electronic databases: PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Cochrane, and JumboSearch at Tufts University.
Using Arksey and O'Malley's methodology, a scoping review was conducted to examine scientific and gray literature published between 1997 and 2018. Data were abstracted and assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Only articles that included a meditation-based intervention and at least 1 participant with dementia were included.
Nineteen articles met inclusion criteria. The four main outcomes that emerged from the literature were improvement in QOL, mental health, cognition, and functional abilities after participation in a meditation-based intervention. The outcome with the strongest support was the effectiveness of meditation-based interventions in maintaining cognitive function in people living with dementia. Significant gaps in the research were identified, including weak research design, inconsistency in measurement of outcomes, small sample sizes, and a lack of standardized meditation protocols for people with dementia.
Our findings suggest that incorporating meditation into interventions for clients with dementia can have beneficial results. Opportunities exist for occupational therapy practitioners to advocate for the continuation of research in this field. Notable gaps in the literature highlight the need for randomized controlled trials and the development of standardized meditation protocols for people with dementia.
Meditation-based interventions for people with dementia are associated with improved quality of life and cognition and may be viable treatment options for occupational therapists to implement in their practice.
由于痴呆症护理在全球的高患病率和高成本，因此需要开发针对痴呆症患者的具有成本效益和循证的治疗方法。冥想已被证明对大脑健康有积极影响，可能是一种可行的干预选择。
调查基于冥想的干预措施如何影响痴呆症成人的健康和生活质量（QOL）结果。
使用关键字冥想、正念、身心、痴呆和阿尔茨海默氏症在以下电子数据库中搜索文章：PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、Cochrane 和 Tufts 大学的 JumboSearch。
使用 Arksey 和 O'Malley 的方法，进行了范围综述，以检查 1997 年至 2018 年期间发表的科学和灰色文献。使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目提取和评估数据。仅包括包含基于冥想的干预措施和至少 1 名痴呆症患者的文章。
有 19 篇文章符合纳入标准。文献中出现的四个主要结果是：参加基于冥想的干预后，生活质量、心理健康、认知和功能能力得到改善。支持最强的结果是基于冥想的干预在维持痴呆症患者认知功能方面的有效性。研究中发现了明显的差距，包括研究设计薄弱、结果测量不一致、样本量小以及缺乏针对痴呆症患者的标准化冥想方案。
我们的研究结果表明，将冥想融入痴呆症患者的干预措施中可能会产生有益的效果。职业治疗师有机会倡导在该领域继续进行研究。文献中的明显差距突出了需要进行随机对照试验以及为痴呆症患者制定标准化冥想方案的必要性。
针对痴呆症患者的基于冥想的干预措施与改善生活质量和认知能力相关，并且可能是职业治疗师在实践中实施的可行治疗选择。
