Burns Scott, Selman Ashley, Sehar Ujala, Rawat Priyanka, Reddy Arubala P, Reddy P Hemachandra
Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Neurology, Departments of School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Dec 3;11(12):2402. doi: 10.3390/antiox11122402.
With increasing aging, dementia is a growing public health concern globally. Patients with dementia have multiple psychological and behavioral changes, including depression, anxiety, inappropriate behavior, paranoia, agitation, and hallucinations. The major types of dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia (VCID), Lewy body dementia (LBD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and mixed dementia (MiAD). Among these, AD is the most common form of dementia in the elderly population. In the last three decades, tremendous progress has been made in understanding AD's biology and disease progression, particularly its molecular basis, biomarker development, and drug discovery. Multiple cellular changes have been implicated in the progression of AD, including amyloid beta, phosphorylated tau, synaptic damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated microRNAs, inflammatory changes, hormonal deregulation, and others; based on these changes, therapeutic strategies have been developed, which are currently being tested in animal models and human clinical trials. The purpose of our article is to highlight recent therapeutic strategies' developments, critically discuss current strategies' failures, and propose new strategies to combat this devasting mental illness.
随着老龄化加剧，痴呆症成为全球日益严重的公共卫生问题。痴呆症患者会出现多种心理和行为变化，包括抑郁、焦虑、不当行为、偏执、激越和幻觉。主要的痴呆类型有阿尔茨海默病（AD）、血管性痴呆（VCID）、路易体痴呆（LBD）、额颞叶痴呆（FTD）和混合性痴呆（MiAD）。其中，AD是老年人群中最常见的痴呆形式。在过去三十年里，在了解AD的生物学和疾病进展方面取得了巨大进展，特别是其分子基础、生物标志物开发和药物发现。多种细胞变化与AD的进展有关，包括β淀粉样蛋白、磷酸化tau蛋白、突触损伤、线粒体功能障碍、微小RNA失调、炎症变化、激素失调等；基于这些变化，已经制定了治疗策略，目前正在动物模型和人体临床试验中进行测试。我们文章的目的是强调近期治疗策略的进展，批判性地讨论当前策略的不足，并提出对抗这种毁灭性精神疾病的新策略。
