Murphy N T, Price C J
J Sch Health. 1988 Dec;58(10):401-5. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.1988.tb05814.x.
Selected antecedents of smoking initiation among 1,513 eighth grade students in an urban tobacco producing county of North Carolina were studied using the Tobacco Cigarette Smoking Questionnaire and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. Fifteen percent of students reported currently smoking, and 17.2% indicated an intention to smoke upon graduation from high school. Self-esteem and parental smoking behavior related significantly to adolescents' smoking behavior and future intention to smoke. Significantly more females intended to smoke and had lower self-esteem than males. Family involvement in the tobacco industry related significantly to adolescents' intention to smoke but not their smoking behavior. Overall, low self-esteem and parental smoking models may be important to developing the smoking habit among young adolescents. Prevention of smoking initiation should involve promotion of children's self-esteem and avoidance of parental smoking modeling prior to the eighth grade.
使用《烟草吸烟问卷》和《罗森伯格自尊量表》，对北卡罗来纳州一个烟草生产县的1513名八年级学生开始吸烟的选定相关因素进行了研究。15%的学生报告目前正在吸烟，17.2%的学生表示高中毕业后打算吸烟。自尊和父母吸烟行为与青少年的吸烟行为及未来吸烟意愿显著相关。打算吸烟的女性明显多于男性，且女性的自尊水平低于男性。家庭涉足烟草行业与青少年的吸烟意愿显著相关，但与他们的吸烟行为无关。总体而言，低自尊和父母吸烟模式可能对青少年养成吸烟习惯很重要。预防开始吸烟应包括提升儿童的自尊，并避免在八年级之前出现父母吸烟的示范行为。
