Dielman T E, Leech S L, Lorenger A T, Horvath W J
Adolescence. 1984 Winter;19(76):935-50.
A health behavior and attitudes questionnaire was administered to 246 fifth-grade and 265 sixth-grade students during class time. The questions included 20 children's health locus of control (CHLC) items reported by Parcel and Meyer (1978), 17 children's self-esteem (CSE) items modified from those reported by Coopersmith (1967), and questions concerning past and current behavior and future intentions with respect to cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and marijuana use. The results indicate that the relationships between dimensions of children's health locus of control and self-esteem and their behaviors and intentions are not large enough to suggest that intervention programs directed at the prevention of detrimental health behaviors focus on the enhancement of self-esteem or the internal locus of control. An appropriate test of the efficacy of such an approach requires a longitudinal rather than a cross-sectional study, monitoring changes in the levels of self-esteem and health locus of control and associated changes in health behavior.
在课堂上，对246名五年级学生和265名六年级学生进行了健康行为与态度问卷调查。问题包括Parcel和Meyer（1978年）报告的20项儿童健康控制点（CHLC）项目、从Coopersmith（1967年）报告的项目修改而来的17项儿童自尊（CSE）项目，以及关于过去和当前吸烟、饮酒和使用大麻行为及未来意图的问题。结果表明，儿童健康控制点维度与自尊及其行为和意图之间的关系不够大，不足以表明针对预防有害健康行为的干预项目应侧重于提高自尊或增强内控点。对这种方法有效性的适当检验需要进行纵向研究而非横断面研究，监测自尊水平和健康控制点的变化以及健康行为的相关变化。
