Khan Inayat Hussain, Zahra Syeda Anum, Zaim Sevim, Harky Amer
Department of Medicine, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK.
Department of Medicine, University of Liverpool School of Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
J Card Surg. 2020 Jun;35(6):1287-1294. doi: 10.1111/jocs.14596. Epub 2020 May 5.
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) first presented in Wuhan, Hubei province, China in December 2019. Since then, it has rapidly spread across the world, and is now formally considered a pandemic. The disease does not discriminate but increasing age and the presence of comorbidities are associated with severe form of the disease and poor outcomes. Although the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients with cardiovascular disease is under-reported, there is evidence that pre-existing cardiac disease can render individuals vulnerable. It is thought that COVID-19 may have both a direct and indirect effect on the cardiovascular system; however, the primary mechanism of underlying cardiovascular involvement is still uncertain. Of particular interest is the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, which is well known for its cardiovascular effects and is also considered to be important in the pathogenesis of COVID-19. With a range of different drug candidates being suggested, effective anti-virals and vaccines are an area of on-going research. While our knowledge of COVID-19 continues to rapidly expand, this review highlights recent advances in our understanding of the interaction between COVID-19 and the cardiovascular system.
冠状病毒病（COVID-19）于2019年12月在中国湖北省武汉市首次出现。自那时以来，它已在全球迅速传播，目前被正式视为大流行病。该疾病不会区分人群，但年龄增长和合并症的存在与疾病的严重形式及不良预后相关。尽管心血管疾病患者中COVID-19的患病率报告不足，但有证据表明，既往存在的心脏病会使个体易受感染。人们认为，COVID-19可能对心血管系统产生直接和间接影响；然而，潜在心血管受累的主要机制仍不确定。特别令人感兴趣的是血管紧张素转换酶2的作用，它以其心血管效应而闻名，并且在COVID-19的发病机制中也被认为很重要。随着一系列不同的候选药物被提出，有效的抗病毒药物和疫苗是正在进行研究的领域。虽然我们对COVID-19的了解在不断迅速扩展，但本综述重点介绍了我们对COVID-19与心血管系统相互作用理解的最新进展。
