IPMA - Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-006, Lisbon, Portugal; CCMAR - Centre of Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
Dep. Biomolecular Chemistry, Hans-Knöll-Institut (HKI), Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 23, 07745 Jena, Germany.
Toxicon. 2020 Jul 15;181:91-101. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2020.04.102. Epub 2020 May 1.
The toxigenic dinoflagellate Ostreopsis cf. ovata is known to produce a range of palytoxin (PLTX) - related compounds named ovatoxins (OVTX). O. cf. ovata presents a wide variability in toxin production and its toxic profile is strain-specific. Several OVTXs, denominated from -a to -h and -l have been reported from different strains of this benthic microalgae up to now, mainly in Mediterranean isolates. However, less is known about the toxin profile of the strains present in the Atlantic coasts of Europe. In this work, strains of O. cf. ovata isolated from the South coast of Portugal mainland (Algarve) and Selvagens Island (Madeira, Portugal) were cultured and tested for toxicity by hemolytic assay. Toxin profiles were qualitatively elucidated by Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The strain from Algarve presented lower toxic potency than the strain from Selvagens island (12.3 against 54.8 pg of PLTX equivalents per cell) showing in both cases the characteristic toxin profile of Mediterranean strains. The major component, OVTX-a, was concomitant with OVTX from -b to -g and isobaric PLTX. Regarding the morphological characteristics of these strains, as well as their toxin fingerprint, it is likely they are closely related to strains from Mediterranean coasts. The present study reports for the first time the occurrence of several OVTX congeners and iso-PLTX in O. cf. ovata from Portuguese waters. This study provides valuable information to characterize the risk of OVTXs-related outbreaks in Portugal.
产毒甲藻腰鞭毛虫已知会产生一系列与palytoxin（PLTX）相关的化合物，名为 ovatoxins（OVTX）。腰鞭毛虫在产生毒素方面表现出广泛的可变性，其毒性特征是菌株特异性的。迄今为止，已经从这种底栖微藻的不同菌株中报告了几种 OVTX，分别命名为 -a 到 -h 和 -l，主要来自地中海分离株。然而，对于存在于欧洲大西洋沿岸的菌株的毒素特征知之甚少。在这项工作中，从葡萄牙大陆（阿尔加维）和塞尔瓦根斯岛（马德拉，葡萄牙）南部海岸分离的腰鞭毛虫 cf. ovata 菌株进行了培养，并通过溶血试验测试其毒性。通过液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS）定性阐明了毒素谱。来自阿尔加维的菌株的毒性比来自塞尔瓦根斯岛的菌株低（分别为 12.3 和 54.8 pg PLTX 当量/细胞），两种情况下均表现出地中海菌株的特征毒素谱。主要成分 OVTX-a 与 OVTX -b 到 -g 和等压 PLTX 同时存在。关于这些菌株的形态特征及其毒素指纹图谱，它们很可能与地中海沿岸的菌株密切相关。本研究首次报道了葡萄牙水域腰鞭毛虫 cf. ovata 中几种 OVTX 同系物和 iso-PLTX 的发生。本研究为表征葡萄牙 OVTX 相关爆发的风险提供了有价值的信息。
