Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Rd, Shanghai, 200241, China.
Department of Aquaculture College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2020 Jul;102:400-411. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.058. Epub 2020 May 1.
Butyrate is a fermentation byproduct of gut microbiota and is susceptible to chronic oxidative stress. This study investigates the mitigative effects of sodium butyrate (SBT) on growth inhibition and intestinal damage induced by glycinin in juvenile Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis). All four experimental diets containing 80 g/kg glycinin were formulated with 0, 10, 20 and 40 g/kg SBT respectively. There was no glycinin or SBT in the control diet. Juvenile crabs (0.33 ± 0.01g) were respectively fed with these five diets for eight weeks. The diets with 10 and 20 g/kg SBT significantly improved the survival and weight gain of the crabs compared with those in the 0 g/kg SBT group, and showed no difference with the control group. The crabs fed diets containing glycinin without SBT had lower glutathione and glutathione peroxidase activities but higher malondialdehyde in the intestine than those in the control group. Moreover, dietary glycinin decreased the lysozyme and phenoloxidase activities and improved the level of histamine in the intestine compared with the control group, while the supplementation of SBT counteracted these negative effects. The addition of SBT could also restore the impaired immunity and morphological structure of the intestine. Dietary SBT could increase the mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides genes (anti-lipopolysaccharide factor 1 and 2) and decrease the content of pro-inflammatory factor TNF-α. The SBT could restore the intestinal microbial community disorganized by glycinin. The abundance of pathogenic bacteria (Aeromonas, Vibrio and Pseudomonas) decreased significantly and the potential probiotic bacteria (Bacillus, Lactobacillus, Chitinibacter and Dysgonomonas) increased significantly in the 10 g/kg SBT group. This study suggests that sodium butyrate supplementation can mitigate the negative effects induced by glycinin such as growth inhibition, intestinal inflammation and reduction of beneficial flora in the gut.
丁酸盐是肠道微生物群的发酵副产物，易受到慢性氧化应激的影响。本研究调查了丁酸钠（SBT）对中华绒螯蟹（Eriocheir sinensis）幼蟹生长抑制和肠道损伤的缓解作用，在含有 80g/kg 大豆球蛋白的四种实验饲料中分别添加 0、10、20 和 40g/kg 的 SBT。对照饲料中不含大豆球蛋白或 SBT。将 0.33±0.01g 的幼蟹分别用这五种饲料喂养八周。与 0g/kg SBT 组相比，含 10 和 20g/kg SBT 的饲料显著提高了幼蟹的存活率和体重增长率，与对照组无差异。不含 SBT 的含大豆球蛋白的饲料使幼蟹肠道中的谷胱甘肽和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性降低，丙二醛含量升高，与对照组相比。此外，日粮大豆球蛋白降低了肠中的溶菌酶和酚氧化酶活性，提高了组胺水平，与对照组相比，而 SBT 的添加则抵消了这些负面影响。SBT 的添加还可以恢复受损的肠道免疫和形态结构。膳食 SBT 可以增加抗菌肽基因（抗脂多糖因子 1 和 2）的 mRNA 表达，并降低促炎因子 TNF-α的含量。SBT 可以恢复大豆球蛋白扰乱的肠道微生物群落。病原菌（气单胞菌、弧菌和假单胞菌）的丰度显著降低，潜在的益生菌（芽孢杆菌、乳杆菌、希提杆菌和 Dysgonomonas）在 10g/kg SBT 组显著增加。本研究表明，丁酸钠补充可以缓解大豆球蛋白引起的生长抑制、肠道炎症和有益菌群减少等负面影响。
