College of Botanical Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Integrated Plant Disease and Pest Control, China-Australia Joint Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Health, Qingdao, China.
Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
J Econ Entomol. 2020 Aug 13;113(4):1761-1767. doi: 10.1093/jee/toaa085.
The preference and behavioral mechanism of the feeding behavior of the woolly apple aphid, Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), on Chinese apple cultivars was investigated using the electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. Feeding of adult aphids was assessed for the four main cultivars of apple in China (Red Fuji, Ralls Genet, Starkrimson, and Jonagold) over an 8-h monitoring period, what that of fourth-instar nymphs was assessed for 8 h on Jonagold only. EPG waveforms representing the details of probing behaviors, parameters were measured for analysis. We found that at the nonphloem phase, the total duration of the nonpenetration (np) waveform and the total duration of the stylet pathway phase (the 'C wave') on Ralls Genet and Starkrimson were significantly longer than on Red Fuji. In addition, the phloem-feeding phase, the total duration of 'release of saliva into the phloem', (the E1 waveform) was significantly longer on Ralls Genet and Jonagold than on Red Fuji. The total duration of the 'ingestion from sieve cells' phase (the E2 waveform) on Red Fuji, meanwhile, was significantly longer than on Ralls Genet or Starkrimson. At the same time, when combined with EPG parameters, Red Fuji was found to have no obvious resistance to woolly apple aphid and to be a susceptible cultivar. This experiment also recorded the feeding waveform of fourth-instar aphid nymphs. Based on the phloem and nonphloem parameters recorded in this study, it was inferred that adult aphids are more likely than nymphs to feed on apple trees.
利用电穿透图（EPG）技术研究了苹果绵蚜（Eriosoma lanigerum（Hausmann））对中国苹果品种的取食行为的偏好和行为机制。在 8 小时的监测期内，评估了成年蚜虫对中国四种主要苹果品种（红富士、元帅、斯特克明斯特和乔纳金）的取食情况，仅对 8 小时龄的第四龄若虫在乔纳金上进行了取食评估。EPG 波代表了探测行为的细节，测量了参数进行分析。我们发现，在非韧皮部阶段，非穿透（np）波的总持续时间和口器途径阶段（“C 波”）的总持续时间在元帅和斯特克明斯特上显著长于在红富士上。此外，在韧皮部取食阶段，唾液释放到韧皮部的总持续时间（E1 波）在元帅和乔纳金上显著长于在红富士上。同时，在红富士上，筛细胞取食阶段（E2 波）的总持续时间显著长于在元帅或斯特克明斯特上。同时，结合 EPG 参数，发现红富士对苹果绵蚜没有明显的抗性，是一个易感品种。本实验还记录了第四龄若虫的取食波形。基于本研究记录的韧皮部和非韧皮部参数，可以推断成年蚜虫比若虫更有可能取食苹果树。
