Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
J Clin Nurs. 2020 Aug;29(15-16):2769-2787. doi: 10.1111/jocn.15288. Epub 2020 May 5.
To synthesise literature regarding PTSD among nurses. Two objectives guided this review: (a) describe the prevalence of PTSD in registered nurses and (b) identify factors associated with nursing work-related PTSD.
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder that can occur from direct or indirect exposure to traumatic events. Nurses are at risk of developing PTSD due to their indirect and/or direct exposure to traumatic situations while providing care to vulnerable patient populations.
An integrative review.
A literature search was conducted in PubMed and the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL). Data extraction and quality assessment were independently performed by two reviewers. Data analysis procedures consisted of four concurrent activities: data reduction, data display, data comparison and conclusion drawing and verification. Conclusions were narratively synthesised and thematically presented by review objective using PRISMA guidelines.
Twenty-four articles met criteria for review. One theme emerged from the synthesis of literature describing the prevalence of PTSD in nurses: All Over the Board. Authors reported vastly different PTSD prevalence rates across studies likely due to variability in measurement. Four themes emerged from the synthesis of factors that influence PTSD among nurses: The Workplace Matters, Relationships Matter, It Hurts to Care and Interpersonal Strengths. These overarching themes captured a multitude of factors that occur across three levels of influence: organisational, interpersonal and intrapersonal.
This integrative review highlights PTSD as a growing concern in the nursing profession. The thematic analysis and associated subthemes provide a framework for the design of interventions to reduce the risk of PTSD symptom development among nurses working in inpatient settings.
Multitargeted efforts directed at the organisational, interpersonal and intrapersonal factors identified in this review may help mitigate the harmful impact of PTSD and promote nurse well-being.
综合有关护士创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的文献。本次综述有两个目标：（a）描述注册护士中 PTSD 的患病率；（b）确定与护理工作相关 PTSD 相关的因素。
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种精神障碍，可直接或间接暴露于创伤性事件后发生。由于在为弱势群体患者提供护理时间接和/或直接接触创伤性情况，护士有发生 PTSD 的风险。
综合审查。
在 PubMed 和 Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature（CINAHL）中进行文献检索。两名审查员独立进行数据提取和质量评估。数据分析程序包括四个同时进行的活动：数据缩减、数据展示、数据比较以及结论得出和验证。结论以叙述性的方式综合，并按照 PRISMA 指南按综述目标进行主题呈现。
有 24 篇文章符合审查标准。对描述护士 PTSD 患病率的文献进行综合分析后出现一个主题：五花八门。由于测量方法的差异，作者报告的研究中 PTSD 的患病率差异很大。对影响护士 PTSD 的因素进行综合分析后出现四个主题：工作场所很重要、人际关系很重要、关爱令人痛苦和人际关系优势。这些总体主题涵盖了在组织、人际和个人三个层面发生的多种因素。
本次综合审查强调 PTSD 是护理专业日益关注的问题。主题分析和相关子主题为设计干预措施提供了框架，以减少在住院环境中工作的护士 PTSD 症状发展的风险。
针对本次综述中确定的组织、人际和个人因素采取多目标措施，可能有助于减轻 PTSD 的有害影响，促进护士的健康。
