Zhou Guolin, Pan Yu, Yang Juan, Zhang Xiangmin, Guo Xinwen, Luo Yuxi
School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Sleep-Disordered Breathing Center, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
Front Neurosci. 2020 Apr 21;14:310. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00310. eCollection 2020.
Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome is a common breathing disorder that can lead to organic brain injury, prevent memory consolidation, and cause other adverse mental-related complications. Brain activity while sleeping during respiratory events is related to these dysfunctions. In this study, we analyzed variations in electroencephalography (EEG) signals before, during, and after such events. Absolute and relative powers, as well as symbolic transfer entropy (STE) of scalp EEG signals, were calculated to unveil the activity of brain regions and information interactions between them, respectively. During the respiratory events, only low-frequency power increased during rapid eye movement (REM) stage (δ-band absolute and relative power) and N1 (δ- and θ-band absolute power, δ-band relative power) sleep. But absolute power increased in low- and medium-frequency bands (δ, θ, α, and σ bands), and relative power increased mainly in the medium-frequency band (α and σ bands) during stage N2 sleep. After the respiratory events, absolute power increased in all frequency bands and sleep stages, but relative power increased in medium and high frequencies. Regarding information interactions, the β-band STE decreased during and after events. In the γ band, the intrahemispheric STE increased during events and decreased afterward. Moreover, the interhemisphere STE increased after events during REM and stage N1 sleep. The EEG changes throughout respiratory events are supporting evidence for previous EEG knowledge of the impact of sleep apnea on the brain. These findings may provide insights into the influence of the sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome on cognitive function and neuropsychiatric defects.
睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征是一种常见的呼吸障碍，可导致器质性脑损伤、妨碍记忆巩固并引发其他与精神相关的不良并发症。呼吸事件期间睡眠时的脑活动与这些功能障碍有关。在本研究中，我们分析了此类事件之前、期间和之后脑电图（EEG）信号的变化。计算头皮EEG信号的绝对和相对功率以及符号转移熵（STE），分别揭示脑区的活动及其之间的信息交互。在呼吸事件期间，仅在快速眼动（REM）阶段（δ波段绝对和相对功率）和N1期（δ和θ波段绝对功率、δ波段相对功率）睡眠时低频功率增加。但在N2期睡眠时，低频和中频波段（δ、θ、α和σ波段）的绝对功率增加，相对功率主要在中频波段（α和σ波段）增加。呼吸事件之后，所有频段和睡眠阶段的绝对功率均增加，但相对功率在中高频增加。关于信息交互，β波段STE在事件期间和之后降低。在γ波段，半球内STE在事件期间增加，之后降低。此外，半球间STE在REM和N1期睡眠的事件之后增加。整个呼吸事件期间的EEG变化为先前关于睡眠呼吸暂停对大脑影响的EEG知识提供了支持证据。这些发现可能为睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征对认知功能和神经精神缺陷的影响提供见解。
