Fortin Maxime, Lina Jean-Marc, Desjardins Marie-Ève, Gagnon Katia, Baril Andrée-Ann, Carrier Julie, Gosselin Nadia
Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS du Nord de l'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, Québec, H4J 1C5, Canada; Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Pavillon Adrien-Pinard, C.P. 8888 Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3P8, Canada.
Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, CIUSSS du Nord de l'Île-de-Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 Boulevard Gouin Ouest, Montréal, Québec, H4J 1C5, Canada; Département de Génie Électrique, École de Technologie Supérieure, 1100 Notre-Dame Ouest, Montréal, H3C 1K3, Canada.
Sleep Med. 2020 Nov;75:88-95. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.06.008. Epub 2020 Jun 14.
The present study aimed at investigating changes in waking electroencephalography (EEG), most specifically regarding spectral power and functional connectivity, in middle-aged and older adults with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We also explored whether changes in spectral power or functional connectivity are associated with polysomnographic characteristics and/or neuropsychological performance.
In sum, 19 OSA subjects (apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 20, age: 63.6 ± 6.4) and 22 controls (apnea-hypopnea index ≤ 10, age: 63.6 ± 6.7) underwent a full night of in-laboratory polysomnography (PSG) followed by a waking EEG and a neuropsychological assessment. Waking EEG spectral power and imaginary coherence were compared between groups for all EEG frequency bands and scalp regions. Correlation analyses were performed between selected waking EEG variables, polysomnographic parameters and neuropsychological performance.
No group difference was observed for EEG spectral power for any frequency band. Regarding the imaginary coherence, when compared to controls, OSA subjects showed decreased EEG connectivity between frontal and temporal regions in theta and alpha bands as well as increased connectivity between frontal and parietal regions in delta and beta 1 bands. In the OSA group, these changes in connectivity correlated with lower sleep efficiency, lower total sleep time and higher apnea-hypopnea index. No relationship was found with neuropsychological performance.
Contrary to spectral power, imaginary coherence was sensitive enough to detect changes in brain function in middle-aged and older subjects with OSA when compared to controls. Whether these changes in cerebral connectivity predict cognitive decline needs to be investigated longitudinally.
本研究旨在调查患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）的中老年人清醒脑电图（EEG）的变化，尤其是频谱功率和功能连接方面的变化。我们还探讨了频谱功率或功能连接的变化是否与多导睡眠图特征和/或神经心理表现相关。
总计19名OSA受试者（呼吸暂停低通气指数≥20，年龄：63.6±6.4）和22名对照组（呼吸暂停低通气指数≤10，年龄：63.6±6.7）接受了一整晚的实验室多导睡眠图（PSG）检查，随后进行清醒脑电图检查和神经心理评估。比较了两组在所有脑电频段和头皮区域的清醒脑电图频谱功率和虚相干性。对选定的清醒脑电图变量、多导睡眠图参数和神经心理表现进行了相关性分析。
在任何频段的脑电图频谱功率方面，未观察到组间差异。关于虚相干性，与对照组相比，OSA受试者在θ波和α波频段的额叶和颞叶区域之间的脑电连接性降低以及在δ波和β1波频段的额叶和顶叶区域之间的连接性增加。在OSA组中，这些连接性变化与较低的睡眠效率、较短的总睡眠时间和较高的呼吸暂停低通气指数相关。未发现与神经心理表现存在关联。
与频谱功率相反，与对照组相比，虚相干性足够灵敏，能够检测出患有OSA的中老年受试者的脑功能变化。这些脑连接性变化是否预示认知衰退需要进行纵向研究。
