Köhler Friederike, Martin Zoe-Sofia, Hertrampf Ruth-Susanne, Gäbel Christine, Kessler Jens, Ditzen Beate, Warth Marco
Institute of Medical Psychology, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Ruprecht-Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2020 Apr 16;11:651. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00651. eCollection 2020.
Music therapy is used as an adjunct oncological treatment aiming at the improvement of psychological and physical well-being through music. A growing body of randomized and non-randomized controlled trials has been published and reviewed recently. However, a global, quantitative assessment of the effectiveness of music therapy in adult cancer care is missing. The present study thus aims to synthesize the evidence of music therapy in different oncological treatment phases. We conducted a pre-registered systematic review and meta-analysis (PROSPERO-ID: CRD42019133084) following standard guidelines. We searched electronic databases for studies on music therapy performed by a therapist with adult cancer patients. The narrative synthesis included thirty studies showing that music therapy overall had positive effects on a broad range of outcomes, with techniques and effects varying in different phases. During curative treatment, results were most promising with regard to anxiety, depression, and pain medication intake, while in palliative settings, improvements with regard to quality of life, spiritual well-being, pain, and stress were reported. Twenty-one studies were included in the meta-analysis which showed small but significant effects of music therapy on psychological well-being ( = 0.35, < 0.001), physical symptom distress ( = -0.26, = 0.017), and quality of life ( = 0.36, = 0.023). Heterogeneity between effect sizes was small to medium. Moderator analyses identified studies with a single session of music therapy and the use of receptive techniques to produce larger effects regarding psychological well-being. Music therapy can improve relevant health-outcomes in cancer patients and should therefore be offered in various treatment phases. Future research should include potential moderators such as individual information about patients to find out who benefits most from different kinds of music therapy.
音乐疗法被用作一种辅助肿瘤治疗手段，旨在通过音乐改善心理和身体健康。最近已经发表并综述了越来越多的随机和非随机对照试验。然而，目前尚缺乏对音乐疗法在成人癌症护理中有效性的全面定量评估。因此，本研究旨在综合不同肿瘤治疗阶段音乐疗法的证据。我们按照标准指南进行了一项预先注册的系统评价和荟萃分析（PROSPERO编号：CRD42019133084）。我们在电子数据库中搜索了治疗师对成年癌症患者进行音乐疗法的研究。叙述性综合分析纳入了30项研究，结果表明音乐疗法总体上对广泛的结果具有积极影响，不同阶段的技术和效果各不相同。在根治性治疗期间，在焦虑、抑郁和止痛药物摄入方面的结果最有前景，而在姑息治疗环境中，报告了生活质量、精神健康、疼痛和压力方面的改善。荟萃分析纳入了21项研究，结果表明音乐疗法对心理健康（ = 0.35， < 0.001）、身体症状困扰（ = -0.26， = 0.017）和生活质量（ = 0.36， = 0.023）有小但显著的影响。效应大小之间的异质性为小到中等。调节因素分析确定，单次音乐治疗和使用接受性技术的研究在心理健康方面产生的效果更大。音乐疗法可以改善癌症患者的相关健康结果，因此应在不同治疗阶段提供。未来的研究应包括潜在的调节因素，如患者的个人信息，以找出谁能从不同类型的音乐疗法中获益最多。
