Chen Tingting, Liu Ruiqi, Dou Mengru, Li Mengyuan, Li Meijie, Yin Xiao, Liu Guo-Tian, Wang Yuejin, Xu Yan
State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Front Microbiol. 2020 Apr 21;11:692. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00692. eCollection 2020.
Grapevine downy mildew, caused by oomycete fungus , is one of the most devastating diseases of grapes across the major production regions of the world. Although many putative effector molecules have been identified from this pathogen, the functions of the majority of these are still unknown. In this study, we analyzed the potential function of 26 effectors from the highly virulent strain YL. Using transient expression in leaf cells of the tobacco , we found that the majority of the effectors could suppress cell death triggered by BAX and INF1, while seven could induce cell death. The subcellular localization of effectors in was consistent with their localization in cells of . Those effectors that localized to the nucleus (17/26) showed a variety of subnuclear localization. Ten of the effectors localized predominantly to the nucleolus, whereas the remaining seven localized to nucleoplasm. Interestingly, five of the effectors were strongly related in sequence and showed identical subcellular localization, but had different functions in leaves and expression patterns in grapevine in response to . This study highlights the potential functional diversity of effectors.
葡萄霜霉病由卵菌纲真菌引起，是世界主要葡萄产区最具毁灭性的葡萄病害之一。尽管已从该病原菌中鉴定出许多假定的效应分子，但其中大多数的功能仍不清楚。在本研究中，我们分析了高毒力菌株YL中26个效应分子的潜在功能。通过在烟草叶细胞中瞬时表达，我们发现大多数效应分子可抑制由BAX和INF1触发的细胞死亡，而有7个可诱导细胞死亡。效应分子在烟草中的亚细胞定位与其在葡萄细胞中的定位一致。定位于细胞核的效应分子（17/26）表现出多种核内定位。其中10个效应分子主要定位于核仁，其余7个定位于核质。有趣的是，有5个效应分子在序列上高度相关且亚细胞定位相同，但在烟草叶片中的功能以及在葡萄中响应（某种情况未明确）时的表达模式不同。本研究突出了葡萄霜霉病效应分子潜在的功能多样性。
