Auger Stephen D, Kanavou Sofia, Lawton Michael, Ben-Shlomo Yoav, Hu Michele T, Schrag Anette E, Morris Huw R, Grosset Donald G, Noyce Alastair J
Preventive Neurology Unit, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London London United Kingdom.
Population Health Sciences, University of Bristol Bristol United Kingdom.
Mov Disord Clin Pract. 2020 Mar 21;7(4):394-398. doi: 10.1002/mdc3.12928. eCollection 2020 May.
Hyposmia is an early feature in neurodegenerative diseases, most notably Parkinson's disease (PD). Using abbreviated smell tests could provide a cost-effective means for large-scale hyposmia screening. It is unclear whether short smell tests can effectively detect hyposmia in patient populations.
To test the ability of short smell combinations to "prescreen" for probable hyposmia in people with PD and target administration of more extensive tests, such as the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test.
We assessed the screening performance of a short 4-smell combination previously derived from use of the 40-item University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test in healthy older people and its ability to detect hyposmia in a large cohort of PD patients.
The novel 4-smell combination included menthol, clove, onion, and orange and had a sensitivity of 87.1% (95% confidence interval, 84.9%-89.2%) and specificity of 69.7% (63.3%-75.5%) for detecting hyposmia in patients with PD. A different (also novel) 4-item combination developed using a data-driven approach in PD patients only achieved 81.3% (78.2%-84.4%) sensitivity for equivalent specificity.
A short 4-smell combination derived from a healthy population demonstrated high sensitivity to detect those with hyposmia and PD.
嗅觉减退是神经退行性疾病的早期特征，在帕金森病（PD）中尤为明显。使用简化嗅觉测试可为大规模嗅觉减退筛查提供一种经济有效的方法。尚不清楚简短的嗅觉测试能否有效检测患者群体中的嗅觉减退。
测试简短嗅觉组合对帕金森病患者可能存在的嗅觉减退进行“预筛查”的能力，并针对更广泛的测试（如宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试）进行靶向管理。
我们评估了一种简短的4种气味组合的筛查性能，该组合先前源自对健康老年人使用的40项宾夕法尼亚大学嗅觉识别测试，以及其在一大群帕金森病患者中检测嗅觉减退的能力。
这种新的4种气味组合包括薄荷醇、丁香、洋葱和橙子，在检测帕金森病患者嗅觉减退方面的敏感性为87.1%（95%置信区间，84.9%-89.2%），特异性为69.7%（63.3%-75.5%）。仅在帕金森病患者中使用数据驱动方法开发的另一种（同样新颖的）4项组合在等效特异性下的敏感性仅为81.3%（78.2%-84.4%）。
源自健康人群的简短4种气味组合对检测嗅觉减退和帕金森病患者具有高敏感性。
