Department of Periodontology, Stony Brook School of Dental Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
Department of Oral Surgery and Implant Dentistry, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2020 Jun;22(3):373-379. doi: 10.1111/cid.12915. Epub 2020 May 6.
To contribute toward optimizing the long-term stability of dental implants. Our working hypothesis was that the degrees of immediate implant-bone contact, and hence of primary stability, would demonstrably differ between implant systems due to their different external geometries and thread designs (macro-design). This demonstration was provided in a bovine model (ex vivo) by employing and comparing histomorphometry and microradiography as evaluation methods.
A total of 120 implants, representing six different implant thread designs, were inserted following the recommended surgical protocol in ribs of freshly slaughtered cattle. Twenty specimens of implants with surrounding bone were prepared per system and were divided into two equally sized groups of 60 specimens for analysis by either histomorphometry or micro-computed tomography. Data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test (P ≤ .05).
One of the implant systems, featuring a slight tapered external geometry and a progressive thread design, consistently revealed the most favorable bone-implant contacts in both histomorphometric and microradiographic evaluations. Overall, consistently higher values of bone-implant contact were obtained with the microradiographic than the histomorphometric approach, and this difference reached statistical significance in three of the six implant systems tested.
Progressive threads offering a bone-condensing effect can significantly help to maximize implant-bone contact percentages. Compared to histomorphometry, microradiography is likewise a suitable method to evaluate bone-implant contact, offering the additional benefits of being noninvasive and less time consuming.
有助于优化牙科种植体的长期稳定性。我们的工作假设是，由于不同的外部几何形状和螺纹设计（宏观设计），不同种植体系统的即刻种植体-骨接触程度，即初始稳定性，会明显不同。通过使用和比较组织形态计量学和微射线照相术作为评估方法，在牛模型（离体）中证明了这一点。
根据推荐的外科手术方案，将 120 个种植体插入新鲜屠宰牛的肋骨中，代表 6 种不同的种植体螺纹设计。每个系统有 20 个带有周围骨的种植体样本制备，分为两组，每组 60 个样本，分别通过组织形态计量学或微计算机断层扫描进行分析。数据分析采用 Mann-Whitney U 检验（P ≤.05）。
其中一种具有轻微锥形外部几何形状和渐进螺纹设计的种植体系统，在组织形态计量学和微射线照相评估中始终显示出最有利的骨-种植体接触。总体而言，与组织形态计量学方法相比，微射线照相术获得的骨-种植体接触值更高，在测试的 6 种种植体系统中有 3 种达到了统计学意义。
渐进螺纹具有骨压缩效果，可以显著有助于最大限度地提高种植体-骨接触百分比。与组织形态计量学相比，微射线照相术也是一种评估骨-种植体接触的合适方法，具有非侵入性和耗时更少的额外优势。
