Department of Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology and Healthcare, University College London, London, UK.
Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK.
Nat Hum Behav. 2020 May;4(5):451-459. doi: 10.1038/s41562-020-0887-9. Epub 2020 May 6.
Human behaviour is central to transmission of SARS-Cov-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, and changing behaviour is crucial to preventing transmission in the absence of pharmaceutical interventions. Isolation and social distancing measures, including edicts to stay at home, have been brought into place across the globe to reduce transmission of the virus, but at a huge cost to individuals and society. In addition to these measures, we urgently need effective interventions to increase adherence to behaviours that individuals in communities can enact to protect themselves and others: use of tissues to catch expelled droplets from coughs or sneezes, use of face masks as appropriate, hand-washing on all occasions when required, disinfecting objects and surfaces, physical distancing, and not touching one's eyes, nose or mouth. There is an urgent need for direct evidence to inform development of such interventions, but it is possible to make a start by applying behavioural science methods and models.
人类行为是导致 COVID-19 的 SARS-CoV-2 病毒传播的核心因素，而改变行为对于在没有药物干预的情况下预防传播至关重要。为了减少病毒的传播，全球范围内已经采取了隔离和社会隔离措施，包括居家令，但这给个人和社会带来了巨大的代价。除了这些措施之外，我们还迫切需要有效的干预措施来提高个人在社区中采取的保护自己和他人的行为的依从性：使用纸巾捕捉咳嗽或打喷嚏时喷出的飞沫，适当使用口罩，在需要时经常洗手，对物体和表面进行消毒，保持身体距离，以及不要触摸眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴。现在急需直接证据来为这些干预措施的制定提供信息，但可以通过应用行为科学方法和模型来开始。
