2009 - 2010年，联邦区教育国务秘书处关于教师因嗓音障碍离岗的情况
Outcomes of teachers away from work forvoicedisorders, State Secretariat of Education, Federal District, 2009-2010.
作者信息
de Souza Cristine Matos, Granjeiro Ronaldo Campos, de Castro Magda Patrícia, Ibiapina Ricardo da Cunha, Oliveira Glauce Maria Gomes Ferreira
机构信息
Otorhinolaryngology Department, Federal District Base Hospital - Brasília (DF), Brazil.
出版信息
Rev Bras Med Trab. 2017 Dec 1;15(4):324-328. doi: 10.5327/Z1679443520170044. eCollection 2017.
BACKGROUND
Voice is an important working tool for teachers. These professionals are often forced to stay away from work due to voice disorders, resulting in high frequency of sick leaves, function restriction and professional readjustment.
OBJECTIVE
Toevaluate the epidemiological profile of teacher absenteeism due to voice disorders and the impact of dysphonia on reduction of work activities, function restriction and professional readjustment.
METHODS
A retrospective study of teachers away from work for more than 30 days was performed from January 2009 to December 2010 based on data collected from medical records at State Secretariat of Education, Federal District, Brazil.
RESULTS
A total of 153 teachers away from work due to dysphonia were analyzed. The highest prevalence of voice disorders corresponded to women (96.7%). Vocal nodules were the most prevalent diagnosis, corresponding to 40% of the vocal lesions. The average time away from work was 120 days. About 55% of the teachers on sick leave were indicated function restriction and remained in that condition for 166 days, on average. In total, 25.5% of the teachers needed professional readjustment, and 73.8% were able to return to the classroom.
CONCLUSION
Voice disorders are a frequent cause of sick leaves, resulting in high annual costs. Preventive measures and vocal orientation might significantly reduce the number of teachers with function restriction or requiring readjustment.
背景
嗓音是教师重要的工作工具。这些专业人员常因嗓音障碍而被迫离岗，导致病假频率高、功能受限和职业调整。
目的
评估因嗓音障碍导致教师缺勤的流行病学特征以及发音障碍对工作活动减少、功能受限和职业调整的影响。
方法
基于从巴西联邦区州教育部医疗记录中收集的数据，对2009年1月至2010年12月离岗超过30天的教师进行回顾性研究。
结果
共分析了153名因发音障碍而离岗的教师。嗓音障碍的最高患病率与女性相关（96.7%）。声带小结是最常见的诊断，占声带病变的40%。平均离岗时间为120天。约55%的病假教师存在功能受限，平均持续166天。总体而言，25.5%的教师需要职业调整，73.8%的教师能够重返课堂。
结论
嗓音障碍是病假的常见原因，导致高昂的年度成本。预防措施和嗓音指导可能会显著减少功能受限或需要调整的教师数量。
Zotero 插件