Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo, Boituva, São Paulo, Brazil.
University of Sorocaba, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Work. 2020;67(3):709-719. doi: 10.3233/WOR-203320.
The health risks that usually affect teachers are already known; however, the predictors of health related absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave have not yet been fully described.
To analyze the predictors of health-related absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave among elementary school teachers.
This study involved a probabilistic sample of 519 Brazilian elementary school teachers. The outcomes were days of health-related absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave in the previous 12 months. Work-place and individual factors were the independent variables analyzed.
Inadequate infrastructure of schools, disability, and medical consultations were positively associated with all outcomes. Teachers who reported having a chronic disease, common mental disorders, and voice disorders presented higher absenteeism and presenteeism days. Musculoskeletal pain and low job support were associated with higher presenteeism and sick leave days. Teachers who performed strength and flexibility activities presented less presenteeism, those who reported physical violence at school were more frequently absent, and teachers with depersonalization presented a higher likelihood of sick leave.
The prevention of health-related absenteeism, presenteeism, and sick leave among elementary teachers should ensure adequate work conditions and prevention and monitoring of health risks.
通常影响教师的健康风险是已知的；然而，与健康相关的缺勤、工作效率下降和病假的预测因素尚未得到充分描述。
分析小学教师与健康相关的缺勤、工作效率下降和病假的预测因素。
本研究采用了巴西 519 名小学教师的概率抽样。结果为过去 12 个月内与健康相关的缺勤、工作效率下降和病假天数。工作场所和个人因素是分析的自变量。
学校基础设施不足、残疾和医疗咨询与所有结果呈正相关。报告患有慢性病、常见精神障碍和嗓音障碍的教师缺勤和工作效率下降天数更高。肌肉骨骼疼痛和低工作支持与更高的工作效率下降和病假天数相关。进行力量和灵活性活动的教师工作效率下降较少，报告在学校遭受身体暴力的教师缺勤较多，而出现去人性化的教师请病假的可能性更高。
预防小学教师与健康相关的缺勤、工作效率下降和病假应确保提供足够的工作条件，并预防和监测健康风险。
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