Thompson M E, Yavorsky J, Natelson B H
Primate Neuro-Behavioral Unit, Veterans Administration Medical Center, East Orange, NJ 07019.
Physiol Behav. 1988;44(1):101-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(88)90352-6.
Following instrumentation with pneumatic cuffs around the inferior vena cava and the descending aorta, dogs were studied either following differential classical conditioning or in a control state. The cuffs functioned to raise and lower blood pressure for the construction of baroreflex curves for heart rate. Conditioned dogs received 8 trials each day with each CS+ (tone paired with flank shock) and CS- (a different tone without shock). Curves were constructed from cuff inflations timed to coincide with the maximum conditioned heart rate response. These curves were constructed from data acquired during infusion of saline, methyl atropine, or propranolol. Comparison of these curves revealed that the CS+ shifted the curves toward higher heart rates while the CS- curve was shifted toward lower heart rates without a change in gain. The amount of shift was comparable to that of the conditioned heart rate response. This suggested that the responses were independent and additive. Neither propranolol nor atropine eliminated this separation between the curves induced by the conditioning. These observations lead us to conclude that classically conditioned stress and baroreceptor stimulation exert independent control over heart rate that are mediated by both sympathetic and parasympathetic influences.
在犬的下腔静脉和降主动脉周围安装气动袖带后，对犬进行差异经典条件反射研究或处于对照状态。袖带用于升高和降低血压，以构建心率的压力反射曲线。条件反射组的犬每天接受8次试验，每次试验包含CS+（音调与胁腹电击配对）和CS-（不同音调但无电击）。曲线是根据与最大条件心率反应同步的袖带充气时间构建的。这些曲线是根据在输注生理盐水、甲基阿托品或普萘洛尔期间获取的数据构建的。对这些曲线的比较显示，CS+使曲线向更高心率偏移，而CS-曲线向更低心率偏移，增益无变化。偏移量与条件心率反应的偏移量相当。这表明这些反应是独立且相加的。普萘洛尔和阿托品均未消除条件反射诱导的曲线之间的这种分离。这些观察结果使我们得出结论，经典条件反射应激和压力感受器刺激对心率施加独立控制，这是由交感神经和副交感神经影响介导的。
