Kirtonia Anuradha, Gala Kavita, Fernandes Stina George, Pandya Gouri, Pandey Amit Kumar, Sethi Gautam, Khattar Ekta, Garg Manoj
Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem cell Research (AIMMSCR), Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, 201313, India; Equal contribution.
Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM's NMIMS (Deemed to be University), Vile Parle West, Mumbai, 400056, India; Equal contribution.
Semin Cancer Biol. 2021 Jan;68:258-278. doi: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.04.006. Epub 2020 May 5.
Human malignancies are one of the major health-related issues though out the world and anticipated to rise in the future. The development of novel drugs/agents requires a huge amount of cost and time that represents a major challenge for drug discovery. In the last three decades, the number of FDA approved drugs has dropped down and this led to increasing interest in drug reposition or repurposing. The present review focuses on recent concepts and therapeutic opportunities for the utilization of antidiabetics, antibiotics, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antipsychotic, PDE inhibitors and estrogen receptor antagonist, Antabuse, antiparasitic and cardiovascular agents/drugs as an alternative approach against human malignancies. The repurposing of approved non-cancerous drugs is an effective strategy to develop new therapeutic options for the treatment of cancer patients at an affordable cost in clinics. In the current scenario, most of the countries throughout the globe are unable to meet the medical needs of cancer patients because of the high cost of the available cancerous drugs. Some of these drugs displayed potential anti-cancer activity in preclinic and clinical studies by regulating several key molecular mechanisms and oncogenic pathways in human malignancies. The emerging pieces of evidence indicate that repurposing of drugs is crucial to the faster and cheaper discovery of anti-cancerous drugs.
人类恶性肿瘤是全球主要的健康相关问题之一，预计未来还会增加。新型药物/制剂的研发需要巨额成本和大量时间，这对药物发现构成了重大挑战。在过去三十年里，美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的药物数量有所下降，这导致人们对药物重新定位或用途拓展的兴趣日益增加。本综述重点关注利用抗糖尿病药、抗生素、抗真菌药、抗炎药、抗精神病药、磷酸二酯酶（PDE）抑制剂、雌激素受体拮抗剂安塔布司、抗寄生虫药和心血管药物作为对抗人类恶性肿瘤的替代方法的最新概念和治疗机会。重新利用已批准的非癌症药物是一种有效的策略，能够以可承受的成本在临床上为癌症患者开发新的治疗选择。在当前情况下，由于现有抗癌药物成本高昂，全球大多数国家无法满足癌症患者的医疗需求。其中一些药物在临床前和临床研究中通过调节人类恶性肿瘤中的几种关键分子机制和致癌途径，显示出潜在的抗癌活性。新出现的证据表明，药物重新利用对于更快、更廉价地发现抗癌药物至关重要。
