Department of Nephrology, Gelre Hospital, Albert Schweitzerlaan 31, 7334 DZ, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands.
Department of Nephrology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
J Clin Monit Comput. 2021 May;35(3):655-659. doi: 10.1007/s10877-020-00512-z. Epub 2020 May 7.
Dysnatremia-either hyponatremia or hypernatremia-is frequently encountered in the clinical practice and often poses a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for physicians. Despite their frequent occurrence, disorders of the water and sodium balance in the human body have puzzled many physicians over the years and often remain elusive for those lacking experience in their interpretation and management. In this article, we derive a transparent governing equation that can be used by clinicians to describe how a change in relevant physiological parameters will affect the plasma sodium concentration. As opposed to many existing models, our model takes both input and output into account, and integrates osmolarity and tonicity. Our governing equation should be considered a means for clinicians to get a better qualitative understanding of the relationship between the plasma sodium concentration and the variables that influence it for a wide range of scenarios.
水钠失衡——无论是低钠血症还是高钠血症——在临床实践中经常遇到，这对医生来说常常是一个诊断和治疗上的挑战。尽管水钠平衡紊乱很常见，但多年来，人体的水和钠平衡问题一直让许多医生感到困惑，而且对于那些缺乏解读和管理经验的人来说，这些问题往往仍然难以捉摸。在本文中，我们推导出一个透明的控制方程，临床医生可以用它来描述相关生理参数的变化将如何影响血浆钠浓度。与许多现有的模型不同，我们的模型既考虑了输入又考虑了输出，并整合了渗透压和张力。我们的控制方程应该被视为临床医生在广泛的情况下获得对血浆钠浓度与其影响因素之间关系的更好定性理解的一种手段。
