National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China.
Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences; Shandong Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Biotechnology and Genetic Breeding, Qingdao Key Laboratory for Marine Fish Breeding and Biotechnology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2020 Aug;46(4):1519-1536. doi: 10.1007/s10695-020-00808-6. Epub 2020 May 7.
The turbot Scophthalmus maximus has evolved extensive physiological ability to adapt to multiple environmental salinities. The morphological changes of the kidney indicated the adaptability difference and similarity of turbot to salinity stress. Identify transcriptome-wide differences between low-salinity seawater (LSW, salinity 5)- and high-salinity seawater (HSW, salinity 50)-acclimated kidneys of turbot to decipher the osmotic regulation mechanism. We identified 688 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the LSW-acclimated kidneys and 2441 DEGs in the HSW-acclimated kidneys of turbot compared with seawater-acclimated kidneys, respectively. We investigated three patterns of gene regulation to salinity stress that involved in ion channels and transporters, functions of calcium regulation, organic osmolytes, energy demand, cell cycle regulation, and cell protection. Additionally, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of DEGs suggested the presence of a frequent functional interaction pattern and that crucial genes in the PPI network are involved in hyper-osmotic regulation. Based on the analysis of comparative transcriptome data and related literature reports, we conclude that the mechanisms responsible for osmotic regulation and its divergence in turbot are related to various genes that are involved in canonical physiological functions. These findings provide insight into the divergence in osmoregulation of turbot and valuable information about osmoregulation mechanisms that will benefit other studies in this field.
大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus）已经进化出广泛的生理能力来适应多种环境盐度。肾脏的形态变化表明大菱鲆对盐度胁迫的适应能力存在差异和相似性。为了解析渗透压调节机制，我们鉴定了低盐海水（LSW，盐度 5）和高盐海水（HSW，盐度 50）驯化的大菱鲆肾脏之间的转录组全差异。与海水驯化的肾脏相比，我们分别在 LSW 驯化的肾脏中鉴定出 688 个差异表达基因（DEGs），在 HSW 驯化的肾脏中鉴定出 2441 个 DEGs。我们研究了三种与盐度胁迫相关的基因调控模式，涉及离子通道和转运蛋白、钙调节功能、有机渗透物、能量需求、细胞周期调节和细胞保护。此外，DEGs 的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）分析表明存在频繁的功能相互作用模式，PPI 网络中的关键基因参与了高渗调节。基于比较转录组数据和相关文献报告的分析，我们得出结论，大菱鲆渗透压调节及其差异的机制与涉及各种参与典型生理功能的基因有关。这些发现为大菱鲆渗透压调节的差异提供了深入的了解，并为该领域的其他研究提供了渗透压调节机制的有价值信息。
