Department of Nursing, Pharmacology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal, S/N, 14071 Córdoba, Spain.
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Seville, Avdan, Doctor Fedriani, S/N, 41009 Seville, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 May 6;17(9):3243. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17093243.
Elderly people are a particularly important population with regard to antibiotic overuse, using around 50% more antibiotics per capita than younger adults. The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence, associated factors and evolution over time of antibiotic consumption among the Spanish population aged ≥ 65 years from 2006 to 2017. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Spanish National Health Survey in 2006, 2011/2012 and 2017, and from the European Health Survey in Spain in 2009 and 2014. The sample consisted of 26,891 non-institutionalized individuals ≥ 65 years. Antibiotic consumption was the dependent variable, and sociodemographic variables, lifestyle habits and health status were analyzed using a logistic regression model. The prevalence of antibiotic consumption was 4.94%, with a marked increase from 2006 (4.64%) to 2017 (5.81%) ( < 0.0001). Higher antibiotic consumption was associated with poor or very poor self-perceived health status, no polypharmacy and not having been in hospital during the previous twelve months, while a lower consumption was linked to being limited but not severely due to a health problem and not being at all limited.
老年人是抗生素过度使用的一个特别重要的群体，人均抗生素使用量比年轻人多 50%左右。本研究旨在分析 2006 年至 2017 年期间西班牙≥65 岁人群中抗生素消费的流行率、相关因素及其随时间的演变。本研究使用了 2006 年、2011/2012 年和 2017 年西班牙国家健康调查以及 2009 年和 2014 年西班牙欧洲健康调查的数据，开展了一项描述性的横断面研究。样本由 26891 名非住院≥65 岁的个体组成。抗生素消费是因变量，采用逻辑回归模型分析了社会人口统计学变量、生活方式习惯和健康状况等因素。抗生素消费的流行率为 4.94%，从 2006 年（4.64%）到 2017 年（5.81%）呈明显上升趋势（<0.0001）。较高的抗生素消费与自我感觉健康状况较差或非常差、没有多药治疗以及过去 12 个月内没有住院有关，而较低的抗生素消费与因健康问题而受限但不严重以及完全不受限有关。
