Takenoshita Shinichi, Nishino Seiji
Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Sleep and Circadian Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Sleep Med Clin. 2020 Jun;15(2):177-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jsmc.2020.02.006.
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is related to medical and social problems, including mental disorders, physical diseases, poor quality of life, and so forth. According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, diseases that result from EDS are narcolepsy type 1, narcolepsy type 2, idiopathic hypersomnia, hypersomnia due to a medical disorder, and others. EDS is usually treated using amphetamine-like central nervous system stimulants or modafinil and its R-enantiomer, armodafinil, wake-promoting compounds unrelated to amphetamines; a variety of new drugs are under development. The side effects of some stimulants are potent and careful selection and management are required.
日间过度嗜睡（EDS）与医学和社会问题相关，包括精神障碍、身体疾病、生活质量差等。根据《国际睡眠障碍分类》第三版，由EDS导致的疾病有1型发作性睡病、2型发作性睡病、特发性嗜睡症、由医学疾病引起的嗜睡症等。EDS通常使用类似苯丙胺的中枢神经系统兴奋剂或莫达非尼及其R-对映体阿莫达非尼进行治疗，这些促醒化合物与苯丙胺无关；多种新药正在研发中。一些兴奋剂的副作用很强，需要谨慎选择和管理。
