Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Istituto Pasteur Italia - Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy.
Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Trends Microbiol. 2020 Oct;28(10):808-820. doi: 10.1016/j.tim.2020.03.003. Epub 2020 May 5.
Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) establishes latency preferentially in sensory neurons of peripheral ganglia. A variety of stresses can induce recurrent reactivations of the virus, which spreads and then actively replicates to the site of primary infection (usually the lips or eyes). Viral particles produced following reactivation can also reach the brain, causing a rare but severe form of diffuse acute infection, namely herpes simplex encephalitis. Most of the time, this infection is clinically asymptomatic. However, it was recently correlated with the production and accumulation of neuropathological biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease. In this review we discuss the different cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the acute and long-term damage caused by HSV-1 infection in the brain.
单纯疱疹病毒 1（HSV-1）优先在周围神经节的感觉神经元中建立潜伏感染。多种应激可以诱导病毒的反复再激活，病毒由此扩散并积极复制到原发感染部位（通常是嘴唇或眼睛）。再激活后产生的病毒颗粒也可以到达大脑，引起一种罕见但严重的弥漫性急性感染，即单纯疱疹病毒性脑炎。大多数时候，这种感染在临床上是无症状的。然而，最近它与阿尔茨海默病的神经病理生物标志物的产生和积累有关。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了单纯疱疹病毒 1 感染在大脑中引起急性和长期损害的不同细胞和分子机制。
