Labrousse H, Nishikawa A K, Bon C, Avrameas S
Unité d'Immunocytochimie, UA 359, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Toxicon. 1988;26(12):1157-67. doi: 10.1016/0041-0101(88)90300-5.
We describe a new ELISA which allows the measurement of the concentration of venom antigens in whole blood. The assay can be performed in less than 20 min and requires a 200 microliters sample of blood. It allows the accurate evaluation of concentrations of Vipera ammodytes venom in quantities smaller than 1 ng/ml of blood. Using this ELISA, we were able to follow in rabbits the kinetics of experimental envenomation with non-lethal doses of venom. This ELISA was also used to measure post mortem the level of venom antigens in various tissues such as liver, kidney, muscles and abdominal serosity of a rabbit. The method, which might be adapted to measure envenomation by other snake species, seems to be sufficiently rapid and sensitive to allow routine evaluation of the gravity of a snake bite in humans and to estimate the efficacy of immunotherapy.
我们描述了一种新的酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA），它能够测量全血中蛇毒抗原的浓度。该检测可在不到20分钟内完成，需要200微升血液样本。它能够准确评估血液中蝰蛇毒液浓度，检测量可低至每毫升血液小于1纳克。利用这种ELISA，我们能够在兔子身上追踪非致死剂量毒液的实验性中毒动力学。该ELISA还用于在兔子死后测量肝脏、肾脏、肌肉和腹部浆液等各种组织中的毒液抗原水平。该方法可能适用于测量其他蛇类的中毒情况，似乎足够快速且灵敏，可用于对人类蛇咬伤严重程度进行常规评估，并估计免疫疗法的疗效。
