School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
Experiment Center for Teaching and Learning, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cailun Rd, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
Inflammation. 2020 Aug;43(4):1423-1435. doi: 10.1007/s10753-020-01219-8.
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by diarrhea, hematochezia, abdominal distension, and abdominal pain. The perpetuation of inflammation and the impairment of the intestinal barrier are part of the main courses of UC, responsible for the deteriorating inflammatory condition. Patchouli alcohol (PA), extracted from Pogostemon cablin Benth., is employed to treat both inflammation and intestinal barrier damage. Its curative effect on UC was testified firstly by TNBS-induced UC, a chemically induced colitis, and further tested by DSS-induced UC, an acute attack stage of UC in which the clinical course of human UC occurs frequently. PA reduced the levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-17 in serum and decreased the mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Concurrently, PA upregulated the expression of tight junction protein (e.g., ZO-1, ZO-2, claudin-1, and occludin) and the mRNA of mucin-1 and mucin-2 in both animal models. Further, PA ameliorated both histological damage and clinical parameters. Thus, PA could credibly reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, protect the integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier, and repair the macroscopic colon lesions in both colitis models.
溃疡性结肠炎（UC）是一种慢性复发性胃肠道炎症性疾病，其特征为腹泻、血便、腹胀和腹痛。炎症的持续存在和肠屏障的损伤是 UC 主要病程的一部分，导致炎症状况恶化。广藿香醇（PA）从广藿香中提取，用于治疗炎症和肠屏障损伤。其对 UC 的疗效首先在 TNBS 诱导的 UC 中得到证实，这是一种化学诱导的结肠炎，进一步在 DSS 诱导的 UC 中得到验证，DSS 诱导的 UC 是 UC 的急性发作阶段，人类 UC 的临床病程经常发生在这一阶段。PA 降低了血清中 TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-1β、IL-6 和 IL-17 的水平，并降低了促炎细胞因子（如 iNOS、COX-2、TNF-α、IL-1β 和 IL-6）的 mRNA 表达。同时，PA 上调了紧密连接蛋白（如 ZO-1、ZO-2、claudin-1 和 occludin）和黏蛋白-1 和黏蛋白-2 的 mRNA 在两种动物模型中的表达。此外，PA 改善了组织学损伤和临床参数。因此，PA 可以可靠地降低促炎细胞因子的表达，保护肠上皮屏障的完整性，并修复结肠炎模型中的宏观结肠病变。
