Reynolds Kim D, Buller David B, Buller Mary K, Massie Kim, Berteletti Julia, Ashley Jeff, Meenan Richard
School of Community & Global Health, Claremont Graduate University, 675 W, Foothill Blvd., Ste. 200, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.
Klein Buendel, Inc., 1667 Cole Boulevard, Suite 225, Golden, CO 80401, USA.
Prev Med. 2020 Aug;137:106125. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106125. Epub 2020 May 7.
Solar ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure is the primary risk factor for skin cancer and children receive about one-quarter of lifetime UV exposure before age 18. Thus, skin cancer prevention is essential for children. The objective of this study was to test an intervention to facilitate implementation of district sun safety policies. Elementary schools (N = 118) from 40 California public school districts with a school board-approved policy for sun safety were recruited along with one principal and teacher from each school. Elementary schools were randomly assigned to receive the 20-month Sun Safe Schools intervention (N = 58) or to a minimal informational control condition (N = 60). Principals were 47.8 and teachers 44.3 years of age and were predominately female (principals 72.7%; teachers 86.7%) and White (principals 72.0%; teachers 68.2%). The 20-month Sun Safe Schools intervention was delivered to principals and included a coaching session, telephone and email contacts, provision of resources for practice implementation, and a small grant program. The principal (N = 118) and a teacher (N = 113) at each school reported on school sun protection practices 20-months post-baseline. The schools were diverse in student characteristics (M = 64.1% free/reduced price meals; M = 54.5% Hispanic). Intervention principals reported implementing more sun safety practices overall (control M = 2.7, intervention M = 4.2, p < .005) and more practices not present in the district's policy (control M = 0.4, intervention M = 0.9, p = .005). Principals and teachers combined replicated these findings and also reported implementing more practices present in the district policy (control M = 0.9, intervention M = 1.3, p = .005). In sum, the intervention increased sun safety practices in public elementary schools. Trial Registration. This study is registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, with the identification number of NCT03243929.
暴露于太阳紫外线辐射是皮肤癌的主要风险因素，儿童在18岁之前接受的紫外线辐射量约占其一生紫外线暴露量的四分之一。因此，预防儿童皮肤癌至关重要。本研究的目的是测试一项干预措施，以促进地区阳光安全政策的实施。从加利福尼亚州40个公立学区招募了118所小学，这些学区都有经学校董事会批准的阳光安全政策，同时还从每所学校招募了一名校长和一名教师。小学被随机分配接受为期20个月的“阳光安全学校”干预措施（N = 58）或最低限度信息控制条件（N = 60）。校长的平均年龄为47.8岁，教师为44.3岁，且大多为女性（校长占72.7%；教师占86.7%），白人居多（校长占72.0%；教师占68.2%）。为期20个月的“阳光安全学校”干预措施面向校长开展，包括一次辅导课程、电话和电子邮件联系、提供实践实施资源以及一个小额资助项目。每所学校的校长（N = 118）和一名教师（N = 113）在基线后20个月报告了学校的防晒措施。这些学校在学生特征方面存在差异（平均64.1%的学生享受免费或减价餐；平均54.5%为西班牙裔）。接受干预的校长报告称，总体上实施了更多的阳光安全措施（对照组平均为2.7项，干预组平均为4.2项，p <.005），且实施了更多该地区政策中未提及的措施（对照组平均为0.4项，干预组平均为0.9项，p =.005）。校长和教师综合起来也重复了这些发现，并且报告称实施了更多该地区政策中提及的措施（对照组平均为0.9项，干预组平均为1.3项，p =.005）。总之，该干预措施增加了公立小学的阳光安全措施。试验注册。本研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov（www.clinicaltrials.gov）上注册，识别号为NCT03243929。
