Cao Min, Cui Bin
Shanghai Clinical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2020 Apr 22;8:112. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00112. eCollection 2020.
Observational studies showed that educational attainment (EA) is associated with cardiometabolic diseases, but the long interval between exposure and outcome makes it difficult to infer causality. We herein used Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal effects of EA on adiposity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), and coronary artery disease (CAD). A two-sample MR analysis was conducted using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. Seventy-four instrumental variables (IVs) were used to determine the causal effect of EA on cardiometabolic diseases. Sensitivity analyses were also performed to detect the pleiotropy of the IVs. Using the MR approach, we found that each additional year in EA is associated with a reduction in the body mass index (BMI) (β -0.17 [95% CI -0.23, -0.10], = 8.85 × 10), a 39% reduction in the odds of having T2D (OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.50, 0.75], = 1.16 × 10), and a 36% reduction in the odds of having CAD (OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.55, 0.75], = 2.38 × 10) at the Bonferroni-adjusted level of significance. Our findings suggest a causal role of EA on the cardiometabolic diseases including adiposity, T2D, and CAD.
观察性研究表明，教育程度（EA）与心脏代谢疾病有关，但暴露与结果之间的时间间隔较长，难以推断因果关系。我们在此使用孟德尔随机化（MR）来研究EA对肥胖、2型糖尿病（T2D）和冠状动脉疾病（CAD）的因果效应。使用全基因组关联研究（GWAS）汇总统计数据进行了两样本MR分析。74个工具变量（IVs）用于确定EA对心脏代谢疾病的因果效应。还进行了敏感性分析以检测IVs的多效性。使用MR方法，我们发现EA每增加一年，体重指数（BMI）就会降低（β -0.17 [95% CI -0.23, -0.10]， = 8.85 × 10），患T2D的几率降低39%（OR 0.61 [95% CI 0.50, 0.75]， = 1.16 × 10），在Bonferroni校正的显著性水平下，患CAD的几率降低36%（OR 0.64 [95% CI 0.55, 0.75]， = 2.38 × 10）。我们的研究结果表明EA在包括肥胖、T2D和CAD在内的心脏代谢疾病中起因果作用。
