Dealloyed Nanoporous Materials for Rechargeable Post-Lithium Batteries.

Nanoporous materials (NPMs) made by dealloying have been well recognized as multifunctional electrodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In recent years, there are ever-increasing demands on grid-scale energy storage devices composed by earth-abundant elements such as Na, K, Mg, Al, and Zn. Compared to LIBs, these electrochemical cells face critical challenges such as slow kinetics of redox reactions and structural instability owing to large ion size and/or multiple-electron process. Much interest has been focused on NPMs to address these issues with great success. This Minireview discusses the recent research progresses on these novel electrode materials in the emerging post-lithium batteries, including the rational-design of NPMs, structure-performance correlation in each battery system, and insights into future development of this rapidly growing field.