DNA ploidy and steroid receptors as predictors of disease course in patients with endometrial carcinoma.

Prognostic factors for outcome of malignant disease should be based on objective assessments whenever possible, so that the results may be reproduced. In a prospective study, tumor samples from 75 patients were subjected to flow cytometric DNA analysis. Samples were also taken from 61 patients for estradiol and progesterone receptor measurements. The course of the disease was analysed with regard to ploidy and receptor status. Receptor status was significantly correlated with ploidy, as diploid tumors were more often receptor-positive or receptor-rich (greater than or equal to 30 fmol/mg protein). Mortality and recurrence rates were highest among patients with aneuploid or receptor-poor tumors. Ploidy, receptor status, histological grade, surgical stage, and myometrial invasion were found to be of significant prognostic value. By multivariate analysis, ploidy was indicated to be the best predictor, followed by surgical stage. DNA and receptor measurements are recommended in research on endometrial carcinoma, and may become useful in routine clinical work.