Sleep and Medicine Center, CENC, Lisbon, Portugal.
Faculdade de Medicina, ISAMB, Instituto de Saúde Ambiental, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
J Sleep Res. 2020 Aug;29(4):e13073. doi: 10.1111/jsr.13073. Epub 2020 May 12.
Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common feature among shift workers as well as in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. There are several important accidents related to sleep disturbances causing EDS. The aim of this study was to evaluate EDS in a group of shift workers (regular rotating) from civil aviation and to compare them with OSA patients (n = 300) and with a group of regular workers (RW) (n = 140). Our sample was composed of 730 working-age individuals (aged 18-67 years). The regular rotating shift workers (SW) sample was composed of 290 aeronautical mechanics. EDS was evaluated with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and defined as a score ≥ 11. The prevalence value obtained for the EDS of RW was 37.1%, for SW it was 60.7% and for OSA patients it was 40.7%. A logistic regression model for EDS in a subsample composed of men and matched for age and BMI, controlling for self-reported sleep duration, showed an increased risk of EDS for SW (OR = 3.91, p = .001), with the RW group as reference. OSA patients did not differ from RW on EDS levels. This study emphasizes the presence of EDS in a shift work group of civil aviation professionals, which exceeded the EDS level of a positive control group of OSA patients. Sleep hygiene education for companies' workers and management is important and mitigation strategies should be implemented to reduce excessive sleepiness among workers.
白天过度嗜睡(EDS)是轮班工人以及阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)患者的常见特征。有几起与睡眠障碍导致 EDS 相关的重要事故。本研究的目的是评估一组民航轮班工人(定期轮班)的 EDS,并将其与 OSA 患者(n=300)和一组常规工人(RW)(n=140)进行比较。我们的样本由 730 名工作年龄的个体(18-67 岁)组成。定期轮班工人(SW)样本由 290 名航空机械师组成。使用 Epworth 嗜睡量表(ESS)评估 EDS,并将得分≥11 定义为 EDS。RW 的 EDS 患病率为 37.1%,SW 为 60.7%,OSA 患者为 40.7%。在一个由男性组成的亚样本中,针对 EDS 进行的逻辑回归模型,并按年龄和 BMI 进行匹配,控制自我报告的睡眠时间,结果显示 SW 的 EDS 风险增加(OR=3.91,p=.001),以 RW 组为参照。OSA 患者在 EDS 水平上与 RW 无差异。这项研究强调了民航专业轮班工作者中存在 EDS,其 EDS 水平超过了 OSA 患者阳性对照组的 EDS 水平。对公司工人和管理层进行睡眠卫生教育很重要,应实施缓解策略以减少工人的过度嗜睡。