Brown L P, Niehues S L, Harrah A, Yavorsky P, Hirshman H P
Scripps Clinic and Research Foundation, Sports Medicine Center, La Jolla, California.
Am J Sports Med. 1988 Nov-Dec;16(6):577-85. doi: 10.1177/036354658801600604.
Forty-one professional baseball players volunteered for upper extremity range of motion measurements and isokinetic testing for internal and external shoulder rotation. Pitchers demonstrated 9 degrees more external shoulder rotation with the arm abducted, 5 degrees more forearm pronation, and 9 degrees less shoulder extension on the dominant side compared with the dominant side of position players. Pitchers also demonstrated 9 degrees more external rotation in abduction, 5 degrees less shoulder flexion, 11 degrees less horizontal extension, 15 degrees less internal rotation in abduction, 6 degrees less elbow extension, 4 degrees less elbow flexion, and 5 degrees less forearm supination on the dominant side compared with their nondominant side. Position players demonstrated 8 degrees more external rotation in abduction, 14 degrees less horizontal extension, and 8 degrees less elbow extension on the dominant side compared with their nondominant side. Greater torque was produced by pitchers compared with position players for the dominant and nondominant arm at all test speeds for both mean peak and mean average torque. Greater torque was produced by the dominant arm compared with the nondominant arm also at all test speeds for both of these measurements. No difference was found between the rotation ratios for either arm, for either group, for all speeds.
41名职业棒球运动员自愿参与上肢活动范围测量以及肩部内外旋转的等速测试。与内野手的优势侧相比，投手的优势侧在手臂外展时肩部外旋多9度，前臂旋前多5度，肩部伸展少9度。与投手自身的非优势侧相比，投手的优势侧在手臂外展时外旋也多9度，肩部屈曲少5度，水平伸展少11度，手臂外展时内旋少15度，肘部伸展少6度，肘部屈曲少4度，前臂旋后少5度。与内野手自身的非优势侧相比，内野手的优势侧在手臂外展时外旋多8度，水平伸展少14度，肘部伸展少8度。在所有测试速度下，无论是平均峰值扭矩还是平均扭矩，投手的优势臂和非优势臂产生的扭矩均大于内野手。在所有测试速度下，这两项测量中优势臂产生的扭矩也均大于非优势臂。在所有速度下，两组中任何一组的任何一只手臂的旋转比率均无差异。
