Bigliani L U, Codd T P, Connor P M, Levine W N, Littlefield M A, Hershon S J
The Shoulder Service, New York Orthopaedic Hospital, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Am J Sports Med. 1997 Sep-Oct;25(5):609-13. doi: 10.1177/036354659702500504.
We studied 148 professional baseball players with no history of shoulder problems to assess range of motion and laxity of their dominant and nondominant shoulders. There were 72 pitchers and 76 position players. Average external rotation with the arm in 90 degrees of abduction was statistically greater and average internal rotation was statistically less in the dominant shoulders than in the nondominant shoulders, both in pitchers and position players. There was no statistical difference in forward elevation of external rotation with the arm at the side of the body in either group. Both dominant and nondominant shoulders of pitchers had greater average range of motion in forward elevation and external rotation (both at the side and at 90 degrees of abduction) and less average internal rotation than those of position players. Regarding laxity testing, 61% of dominant shoulders in pitchers had a sulcus sign, as compared with 47% in position players. Also, this degree of inferior laxity was significantly greater in pitchers than in position players. Differences in range of motion and laxity exist in the throwing shoulder of athletes involved in overhead throwing motions and should be considered in rehabilitation protocols and surgical repair.
我们研究了148名无肩部问题病史的职业棒球运动员，以评估其优势肩和非优势肩的活动范围及松弛度。其中有72名投手和76名内野手。在投手和内野手中，优势肩在手臂外展90度时的平均外旋角度在统计学上大于非优势肩，而平均内旋角度在统计学上小于非优势肩。两组在手臂位于身体一侧时外旋的前屈角度上均无统计学差异。与内野手相比，投手的优势肩和非优势肩在前屈和外旋（身体一侧及外展90度时）方面均具有更大的平均活动范围，而平均内旋角度更小。在松弛度测试方面，投手中61%的优势肩有沟槽征，而内野手中这一比例为47%。此外，投手的这种下侧松弛程度显著大于内野手。参与过顶投球动作的运动员的投掷肩在活动范围和松弛度上存在差异，在康复方案和手术修复中应予以考虑。
