Somarathna Maheshika, Isayeva-Waldrop Tatyana, Al-Balas Alian, Guo Lingling, Lee Timmy
Department of Medicine and Division of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Department of Medicine and Division of Nephrology, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA,
J Vasc Res. 2020;57(4):223-235. doi: 10.1159/000507080. Epub 2020 May 12.
There are very few animal models of balloon angioplasty injury in arteriovenous fistula (AVF), hindering insight into the pathophysiologic processes following angioplasty in AVF. The objective of the study was to develop and characterize a rat model of AVF angioplasty injury.
Balloon angioplasty in 12- to 16-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats was performed at the arteriovenous anastomosis 14 days post-AVF creation with a 2F Fogarty balloon catheter. Morphometry and protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), monocyte-chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), CD68 (macrophage marker), and collagen expression in AVFs with and without angioplasty were assessed.
In AVFs with angioplasty versus without angioplasty: (1) angioplasty increased AVF-vein and artery intimal hyperplasia, (2) angioplasty decreased eNOS protein expression in AVF-vein and artery at 21 days post-AVF creation and remained decreased in the AVF-vein angioplasty group at 35 days, (3) angioplasty increased AVF-vein and artery α-SMA expression within the intimal region at 35 days, (4) angioplasty increased the expression of AVF-vein MCP-1 at 21 days and CD68 at 21 and 35 days, and (5) angioplasty increased AVF-vein and artery collagen expression at 35 days.
Our findings describe a reproducible rat model to better understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms that ensue following AVF angioplasty.
动静脉内瘘（AVF）球囊血管成形术损伤的动物模型非常少，这阻碍了对AVF血管成形术后病理生理过程的深入了解。本研究的目的是建立并描述一种大鼠AVF血管成形术损伤模型。
在12至16周龄的Sprague-Dawley大鼠中，于AVF建立后14天，使用2F Fogarty球囊导管在动静脉吻合处进行球囊血管成形术。评估了有或无血管成形术的AVF中内皮型一氧化氮合酶（eNOS）、单核细胞趋化蛋白-1（MCP-1）、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）、CD68（巨噬细胞标志物）的形态计量学和蛋白表达以及胶原蛋白表达。
与未进行血管成形术的AVF相比，进行血管成形术的AVF：（1）血管成形术增加了AVF静脉和动脉内膜增生；（2）血管成形术使AVF建立后21天的AVF静脉和动脉中eNOS蛋白表达降低，且在35天时，AVF静脉血管成形术组中仍保持降低；（3）血管成形术使35天时内膜区域内AVF静脉和动脉的α-SMA表达增加；（4）血管成形术使21天时AVF静脉的MCP-1表达增加，21天和35天时CD68表达增加；（5）血管成形术使35天时AVF静脉和动脉的胶原蛋白表达增加。
我们的研究结果描述了一种可重复的大鼠模型，以更好地理解AVF血管成形术后发生的病理生理机制。
