Pasinszki Tibor, Krebsz Melinda
Department of Chemistry, School of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, Fiji National University, P.O. Box 7222 Suva, Nasinu, Fiji.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2020 May 9;10(5):917. doi: 10.3390/nano10050917.
Present and past anthropogenic pollution of the hydrosphere and lithosphere is a growing concern around the world for sustainable development and human health. Current industrial activity, abandoned contaminated plants and mining sites, and even everyday life is a pollution source for our environment. There is therefore a crucial need to clean industrial and municipal effluents and remediate contaminated soil and groundwater. Nanosized zero-valent iron (nZVI) is an emerging material in these fields due to its high reactivity and expected low impact on the environment due to iron's high abundance in the earth crust. Currently, there is an intensive research to test the effectiveness of nZVI in contaminant removal processes from water and soil and to modify properties of this material in order to fulfill specific application requirements. The number of laboratory tests, field applications, and investigations for the environmental impact are strongly increasing. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge about the catalytic activity, reactivity and efficiency of nZVI in removing toxic organic and inorganic materials from water, wastewater, and soil and groundwater, as well as its toxic effect for microorganisms and plants.
当前和过去水圈和岩石圈的人为污染，对于全球可持续发展和人类健康而言，正日益引发关注。当前的工业活动、废弃的受污染工厂和矿场，甚至日常生活，都是我们环境的污染源。因此，迫切需要净化工业和城市废水，并修复受污染的土壤和地下水。纳米零价铁（nZVI）因其高反应活性以及鉴于铁在地壳中含量丰富而预计对环境影响较小，成为这些领域中一种新兴材料。目前，正在进行深入研究，以测试nZVI在去除水和土壤中污染物过程中的有效性，并对该材料的性能进行改性，以满足特定应用要求。关于环境影响的实验室测试、现场应用和调查数量正在大幅增加。本综述的目的是概述当前有关nZVI在从水、废水以及土壤和地下水中去除有毒有机和无机物质方面的催化活性、反应活性和效率的知识，以及其对微生物和植物的毒性作用。
