Rónavári Andrea, Balázs Margit, Szilágyi Árpád, Molnár Csaba, Kotormán Márta, Ilisz István, Kiricsi Mónika, Kónya Zoltán
Department of Applied and Environmental Chemistry, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
Division for Biotechnology, Bay Zoltan Nonprofit Ltd. for Applied Research, Szeged, Hungary.
Discov Nano. 2023 Feb 9;18(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s11671-023-03784-x.
Due to the widespread applications of metal nanoparticles (NPs), green synthesis strategies have recently advanced, e.g., methods that utilize extracts made from different plant wastes. A particularly innovative approach to reducing large amounts of available household/agricultural green wastes is their application in nanoparticle generation. Regarding this, the aim of our work was to examine the possibility of upgrading green nanoparticle syntheses from an innovative economic and environmental point of view, namely by investigating the multiple recyclabilities of green tea (GT), coffee arabica (CA), and Virginia creeper (Parthenocissus quinquefolia) (VC) waste residues for iron nanoparticle (FeNPs) synthesis. The plant extracts obtained by each extraction round were analyzed individually to determine the amount of main components anticipated to be involved in NPs synthesis. The synthesized FeNPs were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. The activity of the generated FeNPs in degrading chlorinated volatile organic compounds (VOC) and thus their future applicability for remediation purposes were also assessed. We have found that VC and especially GT residues could be reutilized in multiple extraction rounds; however, only the first extract of CA was suitable for FeNPs' generation. All of the obtained FeNPs could degrade VOC with efficiencies GT1-Fe 91.0%, GT2-Fe 83.2%, GT3-Fe 68.5%; CA1-Fe 76.2%; VC1-Fe 88.2%, VC2-Fe 79.7%, respectively, where the number (as in GT3) marked the extraction round. These results indicate that the adequately selected green waste material can be reutilized in multiple rounds for nanoparticle synthesis, thus offering a clean, sustainable, straightforward alternative to chemical methods.
由于金属纳米颗粒（NPs）的广泛应用，绿色合成策略最近有了进展，例如利用不同植物废料制成的提取物的方法。一种特别创新的减少大量可用家庭/农业绿色废料的方法是将它们应用于纳米颗粒的生成。关于这一点，我们工作的目的是从创新的经济和环境角度研究升级绿色纳米颗粒合成的可能性，即通过研究绿茶（GT）、阿拉伯咖啡（CA）和五叶地锦（Parthenocissus quinquefolia）（VC）废渣用于合成铁纳米颗粒（FeNPs）的多重可回收性。对每次提取轮次获得的植物提取物分别进行分析，以确定预期参与纳米颗粒合成的主要成分的含量。通过X射线粉末衍射和透射电子显微镜对合成的FeNPs进行表征。还评估了生成的FeNPs在降解氯化挥发性有机化合物（VOC）方面的活性以及它们未来用于修复目的的适用性。我们发现VC尤其是GT废渣可以在多个提取轮次中重复利用；然而，只有CA的第一次提取物适合生成FeNPs。所有获得的FeNPs都能降解VOC，效率分别为GT1-Fe 91.0%、GT2-Fe 83.2%、GT3-Fe 68.5%；CA1-Fe 76.2%；VC1-Fe 88.2%、VC2-Fe 其数字（如GT3中的）表示提取轮次。这些结果表明，适当选择的绿色废料可以在多个轮次中重复用于纳米颗粒合成，从而提供一种清洁、可持续、直接的化学方法替代方案。
