Mirdoraghi Mohammad, Einor Daniel, Baghal Asghari Farzaneh, Esrafili Ali, Heidari Neda, Mohammadi Ali Akbar, Yousefi Mahmood
1Department of Radiology and Radiotherapy, School of Allied Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC USA.
J Environ Health Sci Eng. 2020 Feb 24;18(1):211-220. doi: 10.1007/s40201-020-00454-3. eCollection 2020 Jun.
Radon gas is one of the most influential sources of indoor exposure. All its physical properties together make it a significant risk factor for lung cancer in the population. The research aims are outlined as (1) to measure the radon concentration in Tehran city and compare results with the international standards (2) to determine spatial distribution of radon gas concentration using Geographical Information System (GIS) software and (3) to estimate the annual effective dose and potential risk of lung cancer by radon-222 in Tehran city. In this study, 800 Alpha Track detectors were installed in houses in 22 regions of Tehran city and retrieved after 3 months. The measurements were repeated for spring and summer and autumn seasons. The annual effective dose and risk of lung cancer were assessed using standard equations. Data were analyzed using SPSS 20. Result showed the minimum and maximum radon concentration were observed in and Ghalee-kobra (0.13 Bq.m) and Charbagh-ponak district (661.11 Bq.m) respectively. There was no observed relationship between radon concentration and houses' model, cracking condition and constructionn materials. Expectedly, the storehouses and basements had significantly higher ( = 0.016) radon concentration than occupied rooms. The min and max of the estimated annual effective dose were 0.65 and 2.03 mSv, respectively. Result showed that around 5% of the sampling sites had higher level of radon than the maximum allowed by EPA. A rough estimation of the expected radon-attributed lung cancer incidences yielded approximately 5958 cases in the total population of Tehran every year. In view of the growing trend in cancer incidences, appropriate measures addressing radon should be undertaken in areas of increased exposure to this noble gas.
氡气是室内暴露的最具影响力的来源之一。其所有物理特性共同使其成为人群中肺癌的一个重要风险因素。研究目标概述如下：（1）测量德黑兰市的氡浓度，并将结果与国际标准进行比较；（2）使用地理信息系统（GIS）软件确定氡气浓度的空间分布；（3）估算德黑兰市氡 - 222的年有效剂量和肺癌潜在风险。在本研究中，800个α径迹探测器安装在德黑兰市22个区域的房屋中，并在3个月后取回。对春季、夏季和秋季进行了重复测量。使用标准方程评估年有效剂量和肺癌风险。数据使用SPSS 20进行分析。结果表明，在加莱 - 科布拉（0.13贝可勒尔·米）和查尔巴格 - 波纳克区（661.11贝可勒尔·米）分别观察到最低和最高氡浓度。未观察到氡浓度与房屋模型、开裂状况和建筑材料之间的关系。不出所料，仓库和地下室的氡浓度明显高于居住房间（P = 0.016）。估计的年有效剂量最小值和最大值分别为0.65和2.03毫希沃特。结果表明，约5%的采样点氡水平高于美国环境保护局允许的最大值。对预期的氡致肺癌发病率的粗略估计表明，德黑兰总人口中每年约有5958例病例。鉴于癌症发病率呈上升趋势，应在这种惰性气体暴露增加的地区采取适当措施应对氡。
