Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Molecular Biology and Genetics Department, Uşak University, 1 Eylül Campus, 64300, Uşak, Turkey.
J Appl Genet. 2020 Sep;61(3):349-357. doi: 10.1007/s13353-020-00560-w. Epub 2020 May 12.
Pinoxaden is the one of the acetyl-CoA carboxylases (ACCase) inhibiting herbicides and used for controlling grass weeds. In this study, cyto-genotoxic effects of Pinoxaden on the Allium cepa roots were investigated using Allium ana-telophase and comet assays by determining the root growth, mitotic index (MI), mitotic phases, chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and DNA damage. Different concentrations of Pinoxaden from 0.5 to 100 mg/L were employed on root tips for 96 h to find the effective concentration that reduces root tip elongation by 50% in comparison with negative control (EC). Pinoxaden concentrations of 1.25 mg/L (1/2xEC), 2.5 mg/L (EC) and 5 mg/L (2xEC); methyl methane sulphonate (MMS, 10 mg/L) for positive control and distilled water for negative control were exposed to Allium bulbs for several time intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Pinoxaden showed cytotoxic effects by decreasing the root growth and MI. Pinoxaden induced CAs including disturbed ana-telophase, anaphase bridges, chromosome laggards, stickiness, polyploidy, micronucleus at 5 mg/L, c-metaphase and binuclear cells and also DNA damage compared with control group. The current study confirmed cyto-genotoxic effects of Pinoxaden. Further research is needed to clarify the cyto-genotoxic mechanisms of Pinoxaden at molecular level.
精恶唑禾草灵是乙酰辅酶 A 羧化酶（ACCase）抑制剂类除草剂之一，用于防除禾本科杂草。本研究采用洋葱根尖细胞有丝分裂末期和彗星试验，通过测定根的生长、有丝分裂指数（MI）、有丝分裂相、染色体畸变（CAs）和 DNA 损伤，研究了精恶唑禾草灵对洋葱根尖的细胞遗传毒性。将浓度范围为 0.5-100mg/L 的不同浓度的精恶唑禾草灵作用于根尖 96h，找到与阴性对照组相比能抑制根伸长 50%的有效浓度（EC）。采用浓度为 1.25mg/L（1/2xEC）、2.5mg/L（EC）和 5mg/L（2xEC）的精恶唑禾草灵；10mg/L 的甲磺酸甲酯（MMS，阳性对照）和蒸馏水（阴性对照）分别暴露于洋葱鳞茎不同时间（24、48、72 和 96h）。精恶唑禾草灵通过降低根的生长和 MI 表现出细胞毒性。与对照组相比，精恶唑禾草灵在 5mg/L 时诱导产生了 CAs，包括有丝分裂末期紊乱、后期桥、染色体滞后、粘连、多倍体、微核、中期 c-和双核细胞，以及 DNA 损伤。本研究证实了精恶唑禾草灵的细胞遗传毒性。需要进一步的研究来阐明精恶唑禾草灵在分子水平上的细胞遗传毒性机制。
