Carew Rachael M, Errickson David
Department of Security and Crime Science, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, U.K.
Centre for the Forensic Sciences, University College London, 35 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, U.K.
J Forensic Sci. 2020 Sep;65(5):1752-1760. doi: 10.1111/1556-4029.14442. Epub 2020 May 13.
There has been a rapid development and utilization of three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies in engineering, health care, and dentistry. Like many technologies in overlapping disciplines, these techniques have proved to be useful and hence incorporated into the forensic sciences. Therefore, this paper describes how the potential of using 3D printing is being recognized within the various sub-disciplines of forensic science and suggests areas for future applications. For instance, the application can create a permanent record of an object or scene that can be used as demonstrative evidence, preserving the integrity of the actual object or scene. Likewise, 3D printing can help with the visualization of evidential spatial relationships within a scene and increase the understanding of complex terminology within a courtroom. However, while the application of 3D printing to forensic science is beneficial, currently there is limited research demonstrated in the literature and a lack of reporting skewing the visibility of the applications. Therefore, this article highlights the need to create good practice for 3D printing across the forensic science process, the need to develop accurate and admissible 3D printed models while exploring the techniques, accuracy and bias within the courtroom, and calls for the alignment of future research and agendas perhaps in the form of a specialist working group.
三维（3D）打印技术在工程、医疗保健和牙科领域得到了迅速发展和应用。与许多交叉学科的技术一样，这些技术已被证明是有用的，并因此被纳入法医学领域。因此，本文描述了法医学各子学科如何认识到使用3D打印的潜力，并提出了未来的应用领域。例如，该应用程序可以创建一个物体或场景的永久记录，用作演示证据，保持实际物体或场景的完整性。同样，3D打印有助于可视化场景中的证据空间关系，并增进对法庭上复杂术语的理解。然而，虽然将3D打印应用于法医学是有益的，但目前文献中展示的研究有限，且缺乏相关报道，这影响了这些应用的可见性。因此，本文强调需要在整个法医学过程中为3D打印制定良好的实践规范，在探索法庭内的技术、准确性和偏差时，需要开发准确且可接受的3D打印模型，并呼吁未来的研究和议程或许以专业工作组的形式保持一致。
