Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States.
Anal Chem. 2020 Jun 2;92(11):7733-7737. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00828. Epub 2020 May 21.
Hemp () has been used to treat pain as far back as 2900 B.C. Its pharmacological effects originate from a large variety of cannabinols. Although more than 100 different cannabinoids have been isolated from plants, clear physiological effects of only a few of them have been determined, including delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), and cannabigerol (CBG). While THC is an illicit drug, CBD and CBG are legal substances that have a variety of unique pharmacological properties such as the reduction of chronic pain, inflammation, anxiety, and depression. Over the past decade, substantial efforts have been made to develop Cannabis varieties that would produce large amounts of CBD and CBG. Ideally, such plant varieties should produce very little (below 0.3%) if any THC to make their cultivation legal. The amount of cannabinoids in the plant material can be determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This analysis, however, is nonportable, destructive, and time and labor consuming. Our group recently proposed to use Raman spectroscopy (RS) for confirmatory, noninvasive, and nondestructive differentiation between hemp and cannabis. The question to ask is whether RS can be used to detect CBD and CBG in hemp, as well as enable confirmatory differentiation between hemp, cannabis, and CBD-rich hemp. In this manuscript, we show that RS can be used to differentiate between cannabis, CBD-rich plants, and regular hemp. We also report spectroscopic signatures of CBG, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), THC, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA), CBD, and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) that can be used for Raman-based quantitative diagnostics of these cannabinoids in plant material.
大麻（）早在公元前 2900 年就被用于治疗疼痛。它的药理作用源于多种大麻素。尽管已经从 植物中分离出超过 100 种不同的大麻素，但只有其中少数几种的明确生理作用已经确定，包括 delta-9 四氢大麻酚（THC）、大麻二酚（CBD）和大麻萜酚（CBG）。虽然 THC 是一种非法药物，但 CBD 和 CBG 是合法物质，具有多种独特的药理特性，如减轻慢性疼痛、炎症、焦虑和抑郁。在过去的十年中，人们做出了巨大的努力来开发能够大量生产 CBD 和 CBG 的大麻品种。理想情况下，这种植物品种应产生非常少量（低于 0.3%）的 THC，使其种植合法化。植物材料中的大麻素含量可以使用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）来确定。然而，这种分析是不可移动的、破坏性的，并且耗费时间和劳动力。我们小组最近提出使用拉曼光谱（RS）来进行大麻和大麻的确认、非侵入性和非破坏性区分。要问的问题是，RS 是否可用于检测大麻中的 CBD 和 CBG，以及是否能够确认大麻、大麻和富含 CBD 的大麻之间的区别。在本文中，我们表明 RS 可用于区分大麻、富含 CBD 的植物和普通大麻。我们还报告了 CBG、大麻萜酚酸（CBGA）、THC、delta-9-四氢大麻酸（THCA）、CBD 和大麻二酚酸（CBDA）的光谱特征，可用于基于拉曼的植物材料中这些大麻素的定量诊断。
