Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Paediatric Allergy, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, GRIAC Research Institute, Groningen, The Netherlands.
PLoS One. 2020 May 13;15(5):e0231818. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231818. eCollection 2020.
It is challenging to define likely food allergy (FA) in large populations which limited the number of large studies regarding risk factors for FA.
We studied the prevalence and characteristics of self-reported FA (s-rFA) in the large, population-based Dutch Lifelines cohort and identified associated risk factors.
Likely food allergic cases (LikelyFA) were classified based on questionnaire reported characteristics consistent with FA. Subjects with atypical characteristics were classified as Indeterminate. We investigated 13 potential risk factors for LikelyFA such as birth mode and living on a farm and addressed health-related quality of life (H-RQOL).
Of the 78, 890 subjects, 12.1% had s-rFA of which 4.0% and 8.1% were classified as LikelyFA and Indeterminate, respectively. Younger age, female sex, asthma, eczema and nasal allergy increased the risk of LikelyFA (p-value range <1.0010-250-1.2910-7). Living in a small city/large village or suburb during childhood was associated with a higher risk of LikelyFA than living on a farm (p-value = 7.8110-4 and p = 4.8410-4, respectively). Subjects classified as Indeterminate more often reported depression and burn-out compared to those without FA (p-value = 1.4610-4 and p = 8.3910-13, respectively). No association was found with ethnicity, (duration of) breastfeeding, birth mode and reported eating disorder. Mental and physical component scores measuring H-RQOL were lower in both those classified as LikelyFA and Indeterminate compared to those without FA.
The prevalence of s-rFA among adults is considerable and one-third reports characteristics consistent with LikelyFA. Living on a farm decreased the risk of LikelyFA. The association of poorer H-RQOL as well as depression and burn-out with questionable self-perceived FA is striking and a priority for future study.
在大型人群中定义可能的食物过敏（FA）具有挑战性，这限制了大量关于 FA 危险因素的研究数量。
我们研究了大型人群中基于人群的荷兰 Lifelines 队列中自我报告的 FA（s-rFA）的患病率和特征，并确定了相关的危险因素。
可能的食物过敏病例（LikelyFA）根据与 FA 一致的问卷报告特征进行分类。具有非典型特征的患者被归类为不确定。我们调查了 13 个可能的危险因素，如出生方式和在农场生活，并评估了健康相关生活质量（H-RQOL）。
在 78890 名受试者中，有 12.1%的人有 s-rFA，其中 4.0%和 8.1%分别被归类为 LikelyFA 和不确定。年龄较小、女性、哮喘、湿疹和鼻过敏增加了 LikelyFA 的风险（p 值范围<1.0010-250-1.2910-7）。与在农场生活相比，儿童期生活在小城市/大村庄或郊区与更高的 LikelyFA 风险相关（p 值分别为 7.8110-4 和 p = 4.8410-4）。与没有 FA 的人相比，被归类为不确定的人更经常报告抑郁和倦怠（p 值分别为 1.4610-4 和 p = 8.3910-13）。种族、（母乳喂养的）持续时间、出生方式和报告的饮食失调与 FA 无关。在 LikelyFA 和不确定患者中，测量 H-RQOL 的心理和生理成分评分均低于没有 FA 的患者。
成年人 s-rFA 的患病率相当高，三分之一的人报告有与 LikelyFA 一致的特征。在农场生活降低了 LikelyFA 的风险。与可疑的自我感知 FA 相关的较差 H-RQOL 以及抑郁和倦怠的相关性引人注目，这是未来研究的重点。
