Francis Frédéric, Druart Florent, Mavungu José Diana Di, De Boevre Marthe, De Saeger Sarah, Delvigne Frank
Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Microbial Processes and Interactions (MiPI), TERRA Research Center, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
Microorganisms. 2020 May 11;8(5):705. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8050705.
Two fungi, i.e., Link and (Ahlb.) E. Cohn, were cultivated according to two methodologies, namely submerged and biofilm cultures with the primary aim to use their secondary metabolites the supernatant CL, and CL varied between 1.3% () to 12.7% () for incubation times from 24 to 72 h. While the supernatant entomotoxicity was higher than this of , the biofilm culture application increased the efficiency of the former. Proteomic analysis of the supernatants revealed discrepancies among the two species and modes of cultivation. Furthermore, the secondary metabolite profiles of both cultures were verified. Aspergillic acid, beta-cyclopiazonic acid, cyclopiazonic acid, ferrineospergillin, flavacol, and spermadin A were most predominant. Generally, these secondary metabolites were present in higher concentrations in the supernatants of and biofilm cultures. These molecular identifications correlated positively with entomotoxic activity. Noteworthy, the absence of carcinogenic aflatoxins was remarkable, and it will allow further valorization to produce to develop potential biopesticides.
两种真菌，即Link和（Ahlb.）E. Cohn，按照两种方法进行培养，即深层培养和生物膜培养，主要目的是利用它们的次生代谢产物上清液CL，在24至72小时的孵育时间内，CL在1.3%（）至12.7%（）之间变化。虽然的上清液昆虫毒性高于的上清液，但生物膜培养的应用提高了前者的效率。对上清液的蛋白质组分析揭示了这两个物种和培养模式之间的差异。此外，两种培养物的次生代谢产物谱也得到了验证。曲酸、β-环匹阿尼酸、环匹阿尼酸、铁新精青霉素、黄曲霉醇和精子菌素A最为主要。一般来说，这些次生代谢产物在和生物膜培养物的上清液中浓度较高。这些分子鉴定与昆虫毒性活性呈正相关。值得注意的是，致癌黄曲霉毒素的不存在很显著，这将允许进一步利用来开发潜在的生物杀虫剂。
