Human Informatics and Interaction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan.
International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), Japan.
Ind Health. 2020 Oct 8;58(5):443-450. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2020-0005. Epub 2020 May 13.
The aim of the present study was to demonstrate the effect of verbal ratings on arousal in the electroencephalogram (EEG) and psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) performance. Thirty participants underwent the PVT for 40 min in three experimental conditions: (1) Rating condition, in which they verbally rated subjective sleepiness with Karolinska sleepiness scale, following pure tone sound played every 20 s during PVT, (2) No-rating condition, in which they underwent PVT with the similar sound as the Rating experiment but without the verbal rating task, and (3) Control condition, in which they underwent PVT with a no-sound stimulus and without the verbal rating task. The results show that during the first half of the task epoch, alpha power density was lower in the Rating than in the No-rating condition, while performance was not different between the conditions. During the second half of the task epoch, performance was better in the Non-rating than in the Rating condition, but no difference in the alpha power density. These results suggest that performance deterioration could be masked by the arousal effect of the dual task itself. It could also explain why the PVT performance and arousal in EEG sometimes dissociate, particularly in dual task situations.
本研究旨在证明在脑电图（EEG）和精神运动警觉测试（PVT）中，口头评价对觉醒的影响。30 名参与者在三种实验条件下进行了 40 分钟的 PVT：（1）评价条件，在此期间，他们使用 Karolinska 嗜睡量表对主观嗜睡进行口头评价，在 PVT 期间每隔 20 秒播放纯音；（2）无评价条件，在此期间，他们进行了与评价实验类似的声音，但没有口头评价任务；（3）对照条件，他们进行了没有声音刺激的 PVT，并且没有口头评价任务。结果表明，在任务时段的前半段，评价条件下的 alpha 功率密度低于无评价条件，而两种条件下的表现没有差异。在任务时段的后半段，无评价条件下的表现优于评价条件，但 alpha 功率密度没有差异。这些结果表明，表现的恶化可能被双重任务本身的觉醒效应所掩盖。这也可以解释为什么 PVT 性能和 EEG 中的觉醒有时会分离，特别是在双重任务情况下。
