Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
Department of Nutrition & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Sitia, Greece.
Hormones (Athens). 2020 Sep;19(3):369-376. doi: 10.1007/s42000-020-00199-6. Epub 2020 May 14.
The salivary amylase gene (AMY1) copy number variation (CNV) is increased as a human adaptation to starch-enriched nutritional patterns. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between AMY1 CNV, dietary starch consumption, and anthropometric indices among a known population with elevated cardiovascular risk, being end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
A total of 43 ESRD patients were recruited based on the following inclusion criteria: being (1) adults, (2) on hemodialysis for more than 3 months, (3) able to communicate effectively, and (4) willing to participate. Anthropometric measurements were performed, dietary intake was recorded via food-frequency questionnaires, and AMY1 CNV was quantified in blood samples DNA via real-time PCR.
Median AMY1 CNV was 4.0 (2.0-17.0). A total of 21 patients had an even, and 22 had an odd AMY1 copy number (CN). Independent samples t tests revealed that AMY1-odd diploid CN is associated with increased body weight, waist and hip circumferences, and fat mass compared to the respective even diploid CN carrier group. No differences were observed for BMI or nutritional intake. Multiple regression analysis revealed that AMY1-odd diploid CN was positively associated with increased hip circumference (ß = 7.87, 95% CI = 0.34 to 15.39) and absolute fat mass (ß = 6.66, 95% CI = 0.98 to 12.34); however, after applying the Bonferroni correction for multiplicity, all regression analyses lost their significance.
AMY1-odd diploid CN appears to be associated with selected adiposity variables among hemodialysis patients. However, more research is needed to verify this finding in this population with known increased cardiovascular risk.
唾液淀粉酶基因（AMY1）拷贝数变异（CNV）增加是人类适应富含淀粉的营养模式的一种适应。本研究旨在评估 AMY1 CNV、饮食中淀粉摄入量与心血管风险升高的已知人群（终末期肾病（ESRD）患者）的人体测量指标之间的关系。
根据以下纳入标准招募了 43 名 ESRD 患者：（1）成年人，（2）接受血液透析超过 3 个月，（3）能够有效沟通，（4）愿意参与。进行人体测量测量，通过食物频率问卷记录饮食摄入，通过实时 PCR 在血液样本 DNA 中定量 AMY1 CNV。
中位数 AMY1 CNV 为 4.0（2.0-17.0）。共有 21 名患者的 AMY1 拷贝数为偶数，22 名患者的 AMY1 拷贝数为奇数。独立样本 t 检验显示，与相应的 AMY1 偶数二倍体携带者组相比，AMY1-奇数二倍体 CN 与体重、腰围和臀围以及体脂量增加相关。BMI 或营养摄入无差异。多元回归分析显示，AMY1-奇数二倍体 CN 与臀围增加呈正相关（β=7.87，95%CI=0.34 至 15.39）和绝对体脂量（β=6.66，95%CI=0.98 至 12.34）；然而，在对多重性进行 Bonferroni 校正后，所有回归分析均失去了意义。
AMY1-奇数二倍体 CN 似乎与血液透析患者中一些肥胖变量相关。然而，在具有已知增加的心血管风险的人群中，需要更多的研究来验证这一发现。
